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The paper presents the coexistence of a nevus fl ammeus and basal cell carcinoma affecting the left upper lid of 61-year-old farmer with Sturge-Weber syndrome. The occurrence of basal cell carcinoma in nevus fl ammeus is extremely rare. The etiology of the malignancy in this situation is unknown. It is diffi cult to diagnose neoplastic transformations that could arise in the nevus fl ammeus. Radiotherapy followed by complete surgical excision were used as a treatment in the described patient.
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Molecular and environmental aspects of skin cancers

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Skin cancers are one of the most common cancers in the Caucasian population. A constantly increasing number of nonmelanoma skin cancers and malignant melanomas is observed. The incidence of skin cancers is associated mainly with exposure to sunlight. Therefore, agricultural workers who work in open spaces are a particularly vulnerable group. Currently, studies on the pathogenesis of skin cancer focus on the molecular basis associated with ultraviolet radiation. This study is an attempt to summarize the current state of knowledge on this issue. There have been demonstrated mutations in different classes of genes associated with carcinogenesis, including protooncogenes, tumour suppressor genes, genes that control apoptosis, genes encoding transcription factors and DNA repair genes in patients with skin cancers. Mutations in the latter result in reducing the effectiveness of DNA repair and fixation of mutations. All changes at the gene level lead to structural changes, quantitative and dysfunction of proteins encoded by these genes. All these factors contribute to the process of carcinogenesis. Due to increasing number of skin cancers, it seems important to increase knowledge of the molecular basis of skin cancers. This knowledge could be crucial for predicting the course of the disease, and for the development of new therapeutic strategies.
Multiple and interacting environmental factors are involved in the development of non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC) in the Caucasian population. NMSC include basal cell carcinomas and squamous cell skin carcinoma. The aim of our paper was to present literature data on the etiopathogenesis of NMSC with special stress on environmental agents such as: ultraviolet radiation (including sunbathing), ozone depletion, smoking and occupational factors. The role of administered treatment with phototherapy and immunosuppresants is described as well. As skin cancer incidence has increased, the necessity of avoidance of NMSC risk factors is highlighted.
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