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The prolactin receptor (PRLR) gene was studied as a candidate gene for the high prolificacy of Jining Grey goats. Polymorphisms in intron 1 and intron 2 of PRLR gene were detected in high prolificacy (Jining Grey) and low prolificacy (Boer, Wendeng dairy, Liaoning Cashmere and Beijing) native goats using PCR-SSCP. For intron 1, five genotypes (AA, AH, AK, HH and HK) were identified in Jining Grey goats, and two (AA and AK) in the other four breeds. The Jining Grey does of genotype HH, HK, AH and AK delivered by 0.65, 0.62, 0.59 and 0.57 more kids (P<0.01) than those of genotype AA, respectively. For intron 2, three genotypes (CC, CD and DD) were detected in Boer goats, and two (CC and CD) in the other four breeds. The Jining Grey does of genotype CD delivered by 0.55 (P<0.01) more kids than those of genotype CC.
An association between Helicobacter infection and autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) in children was investigated. The prevalence of antibodies to H. pylori did not differ between the AIH and the control group, (22% versus 14%), and antibodies to non-gastric Helicobacter were not detected in either group. H. pylori DNA was found in two AIH liver tissues, but Helicobacter was not cultured from any sample.
Fat-inducing transcript (FIT) are endoplasmic reticulum-resident membrane proteins that induce lipid droplet accumulation. It plays a crucial role in the fundamental process of storing fat. In this study, applying the PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing methods, polymorphism of the FIT gene were detected. A total of 708 individuals from four Chinese cattle breeds were examined. The results showed that only P5 locus had two SNPs, resulting in a synonymous mutation (NM_001103095: m.199G > T resulting In L124L) and a missense mutation (NM_001103095: m.434G > T resulting in V176L). The associations between polymorphic loci and selected growth traits of indigenous Nangyang cattle were analysed,and significant associations were found in body weight at the age of 12 months and mean daily live weight gain. The body weight at month 12 of life and mean daily live weight gain of individuals with genotype AA were by 3.75% and 4.88% higher than of those with genotype AB, respectively. Hence, it was suggested for the first time, that genotype AA could be regarded as molecular marker for superior body weight and daily live weight gain in Chinese Nanyang cattle.
The assemblage and abundance of fungal species associated with Hylurgops palliatus on Pinus sylvestris, were studied in Poland. Fungi were isolated from beetles of H. palliatus and their galleries collected from three populations. In total, 1832 fungal isolates, including 38 species, were obtained. The most important group of fungi were the ophiostomatoid fungi. Among the seven species of ophiostomatoid fungi isolated, Leptographium lundbergii and an unknown species of Graphium sp. code-named "W" were the dominant species. Ophiostoma minus and O. piceae were also relatively common. All ophiostomatoid species, except L. lundbergii occurred more frequently on the overwintered adults than in gallery systems. Ophiostoma minus and O. piliferum are documented here as new associates of H. palliatus.
Background: Frontal sinuses are 2 irregular cavities, placed between 2 lamina of frontal bone. Expansion continues during childhood and reaches full size after puberty. Persistent metopic suture is one of the factors that are related to abnormal frontal sinus development. In this study, we want to discuss about the coexistence of persistent metopic suture and abnormal frontal sinus development using radiological techniques. Materials and methods: In this retrospectively planned study, images of 631 patients were examined, 217 (34.4%) of them were men and 414 (65.6%) of them were women. Brain computed tomography and magnetic resonance images were retrieved from the electronic archive for analysis. Results: In this study, frontal sinus development is categorised as right side atrophy, left side atrophy, bilateral atrophy and bilaterally developed sinuses. The presence of metopic suture was accepted as persistent metopic suture. Frontal sinus atrophy was found in 22.7% and persistent metopic sutures were found in 9.7% of overall. Conclusions: In this study, no significant results were detected that were related to the frontal sinus agenesis or dismorphism associated with persistent metopic suture. We conclude that, although publications propounding metopism that leads to abnormal frontal sinus development are present in the literature, no reasonable explanation has been mentioned in these articles; and we believe that these findings are all incidental. (Folia Morphol 2013; 72, 4: 306–310)
A polymorphism within exon 2 of the 2, 4-dienoyl-CoA reductase gene (DECR1) was investigated by PCR-SSCP in 228 Shanxi White pigs. An association between the DECR1 polymorphism and growth traits in Shanxi White pigs was determined with an univariate animal model. The polymorphism was found within exon 2 of the DECR1, giving rise to genotypes AA, BB or AB. This polymorphism exhibited a significant effect of generation and sex (P<0.05, P<0.01) on growth traits and backfat thickness. At the age of six months BB pigs showed the body weight and chest girth higher than AA and AB animals. However, the polymorphism revealed no significant effects on other growth traits (P>0.05) though a trend of BB>AB>AA was showed.
The increase of Lyme borreliosis (LB) can be expected due to climate change, while the distribution of the disease and annual activity of the vector and host animals depend on several factors of the environment. The presented study aimed to assess expressly the spring season temperature dependence on the incidence of LB in Hungary. The weekly LB data were obtained from the National Epidemiologic and Surveillance System for a period of 13 years – 1998–2010. Daily temperature data were derived from the European Climate Assessment and Dataset. The association was studied at national level, descriptive statistics and linear regression models were applied. A significant increasing trend was observed in the mean temperature of the analysed years (0.052 °C per year). The annual LB incidence doubled during the 13 year period. The incidence rates of the periods 1998–2001 and 2007–2010 were 11.1 resp. 17.0 per 100,000. The start of a steep increase in weekly LB incidence (0.1 per 100,000) shifted significantly by 3 weeks earlier, the start date of spring showed similar trend (p=0.0041). LB incidence increased more steadily in spring than in summer, with 79% of the increase being reported during weeks 15–28, with maximum rates of increase occurring in weeks 23–25. The trend was significant between the weeks 15–28. In the warmer years with 19.02 °C mean temperature in May and June, the LB incidence curve reached the annual peak 2–3 weeks earlier, and the descending phase of the curve started earlier than in the colder years with 17.06 °C of the same period.
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