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Two cases of inferior vena cava duplication with their CT findings and a review of the literature

100%

Tore H. G., Tatar I., Celik H. H., Oto A., Aldur M. M., Denk C. C.

Folia Morphologica

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2005

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tom 64

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nr 1

55-58

Duplication of the inferior vena cava (IVC) is the most common anomaly to affect the vena cava. Variations in the IVC are diagnosed in routine dissection studies, in retroperitoneal surgeries, or in computerised tomography (CT) sections ordered for various reasons. In this paper we present two cases of a double IVC together with the CT findings. The duplication might have occurred during embryological development. Although venous anomalies are rare, they have particular importance with respect to the interruptions that may occur during retroperitoneal and thoracic surgery or in the treatment of thrombo-embolic disease.

2

Anomalies in the wear of incisors in the European beaver

88%

Zurowski W., Krzywinski A.

Acta Theriologica

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1974

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tom 19

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nr 14-25

3

A duplicated spinous process of the C7 vertebra

88%

Das S., Suri R., Kapur V.

Folia Morphologica

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2005

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tom 64

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nr 2

115-117

Normally the 7th cervical vertebra (C7) has a long non-bifid spine. A bifid spine is a feature of typical cervical vertebrae such as C3–C6. In contrast to past studies, which have described a bifid spine in the C3–C6 cervical vertebrae, this study is a report on the presence of a duplicated spinous process in the C7 vertebra with an intervening space. The presence of such anomalies may be associated with other congenital anomalies and needs a careful and thorough clinical approach. This is an extremely rare finding which may be of clinical interest to radiologists, neurologists, orthopaedic surgeons, anthropologists and forensic personnel. The present case report describes the anatomical details in the bone specimen along with its radiological picture in a case of a duplicated spinous process of the C7 vertebra.

4

An unusual muscle of the wrist with potential compression of the ulnar nerve

88%

Hill M. L., Shoja M. M., Salter E. G., Tubbs R. S.

Folia Morphologica

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2006

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tom 65

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nr 2

178-180

During routine cadaveric dissection of the upper extremity an unusual muscle was discovered arising from the tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris and inserting into the muscle belly of the flexor digiti minimi. The muscle’s course was superficial to the ulnar nerve and artery in Guyon’s canal. We review the literature regarding such muscle variations and discuss the potential for compression of the ulnar nerve by such muscles.

5

Polymelia in lamb

88%

Herec S., Milart Z., Jastrzebski M.

Folia Morphologica

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1986

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tom 45

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nr 2

6

Anomalies of the inferior vena cava: a report of two cases and a short review of the literature

88%

Kapetanakis S., Papadopoulos C., Galani P., Dimitrakopoulou G., Fiska A.

Folia Morphologica

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2010

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tom 69

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nr 3

The inferior vena cava, also known as the posterior vena cava, is the large vein that carries de-oxygenated blood from the lower half of the body into the right atrium of the heart. Congenital anomalies of the inferior vena cava result from the persistence of the embryonic venous system. The majority of cases are clinically silent and are diagnosed in routine dissection studies, in retroperitoneal surgeries, or through imaging for other reasons. Although these anomalies are rare, they are of great importance during operations in the abdominal area or in the treatment of thromboembolic diseases. We report two cases of double vena cava and left vena cava, respectively, and a short review of the relevant literature. (Folia Morphol 2010; 69, 3: 123–127)

7

Innervation of the coracobrachialis muscle by a branch from the lateral root of the median nerve

88%

Tatar I., Brohi R., Sen F., Tonak A., Celik H.

Folia Morphologica

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2004

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tom 63

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nr 4

Anomalies of the brachial plexus have previously been described in the literature. The coracobrachialis muscle is typically innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve. During a gross anatomy dissection we found that the coracobrachialis muscle was innervated by a branch from the lateral root of the median nerve. Knowledge of the anatomical variations of the peripheral nervous system is important in interpreting unusual clinical presentations. This report will assist clinicians and surgeons by pointing out anatomical anomalies associated with the musculocutaneous nerve, the median nerve and their branches to the anterior compartment muscles of the upper arm.

8

Communicating branch between the musculocutaneous and median nerves in human

88%

Kaus M., Wotowicz Z.

Folia Morphologica

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1995

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tom 54

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nr 4

9

A rare case of Goldenhar syndrome with radial aplasia

75%

Biswas S., Adhikari A., Meyur R., Kundu P.

Folia Morphologica

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2013

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tom 72

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nr 4

Goldenhar syndrome (GS) is a well-recognised condition characterised by variable degree of uni- or bilateral involvement of craniofacial structures involving first and second branchial arches manifesting ocular and auricular anomalies and also vertebral defect. This syndrome presents at birth and its exact aetiology is still unknown. The affections of the neural crest cells may have some role in the multiple malformations of the GS. We present a teenaged female case who attended the Orthopaedic Outpatient Department to receive handicapped certificate in Bankura Sammilani Medical College and Hospital. She had multiple skeletal abnormalities, which included hemifacial microsomia, vertebral malformations in the form of scoliosis, distorted pelvis, but the most striking feature was the absence of thumb and aplasia of radius of left side. She did not suffer from any ocular or auricular abnormalities, neither from any cardiological, urogenital or gastroenteric ones. Radial defects associated with GS might represent a subset within this spectrum. Our case probably belongs to this subset, therefore is a very rare one. (Folia Morphol 2013; 72, 4: 362–365)

10

Additional triangle on M2 in Microtus nivalis (Martins, 1842)

75%

Buszko S.

Acta Theriologica

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1974

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tom 19

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nr 14-25

11

A triplicate obturator foramen

75%

Das S., Suri R., Kapur V.

Folia Morphologica

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2006

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tom 65

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nr 2

164-166

The obturator foramen is a large opening in the hip bone situated below and anterior to the acetabulum. The obturator foramen is enclosed by the obturator membrane, apart from the part above near the obturator groove, where the obturator vessels and nerve pass through. The present study reports multiple openings in the obturator foramen detected incidentally in a left hip bone specimen and discusses its clinical implications. To the best of our knowledge, the occurrence of multiple openings associated with the obturator foramen is rare and has not been reported in any standard textbook of anatomy or in any research study. Anatomical knowledge of the presence of such anomalies may be clinically important for radiologists interpreting skiagrams and surgeons performing operative procedures in the hip region.

12

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An anomaly within the genital system in a female Ascaris suum Goeze

75%

Templin J., Napiorkowska T., Szczepanik M.

Annals of Parasitology

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2012

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tom 58

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nr 3

The authors describe an individual of the female Ascaris suum Goeze with a unique genital system. A female with such an anomaly was found during laboratory classes of Invertebrate Zoology at the Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, NCU. The specimen was about 200 mm long, and the total length of the reproductive system was 1970 mm. Further comparative analysis between unchanged and changed individuals revealed differences in the length of individual sections of the studied system, as well as in the diameter of the uterus. The described case is extremely interesting because of the phenomenon of eutely occurring in nematodes. The exact cause and mechanism of abnormalities described in Ascaris suum are not known and difficult to explain experimentally because of the extremely small number of these anomalies. Moreover, the interpretation of the anomaly is difficult because of the specific behavior and complex morphogenesis of this endoparasite.

13

Bilio-pancreatic anomalies obscured with MRCP

75%

Bobek-Billewicz B., Gorycki T., Studniarek M., Szurowska E.

Folia Morphologica

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2002

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tom 61

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nr 1

47-51

In this article the authors discuss whether or not diagnostic potential of MR cholangiopancreatography is strong enough to replace direct cholangiography in all cases. The pre- surgery analysis of a variety of pancreato-biliary disorders diagnosed using MRCP images is presented with the emphasising the importance of source images. Six cases of pancreato-biliary disorders are presented in which MRCP indicated the place of ductal stenosis as well as the morphologic variants or ductal uninspected shape which is critical for surgery or planned drainage. Coronal and axial MRCP source and MIP images were obtained with 0,5T Gyroscan NT. Anomalies of the biliary or pancreatic ducts included two cases of choledochal cystic dilatation; two cases of aberrant biliary ducts, one case of gallbladder duct variant.and a case of an additional pancreatic duct. In 3 out of 6 cases, the MRCP source images produced using the complementary method supplied more complete information concerning ductal junctions than the MIP images. Whereas in 3 out of 6 cases, both kinds of images were equally reliable. In 4 out of 6 cases, endoscopy was performed, and in 2 cases ERCP images were not diagnostic for ductal anatomy. However, full delineation of biliary and pancreatic ducts was complete in all MRCP images. MRCP within source images and maximum intensity projections show particular promise for the assessment of pancreatobiliary anomalies in order to reduce the number of higher-risk endoscopic interventions. The technique should be the method of choice in cases of suspected pancreato-biliary anomaly resulting from any imaging modality and is helpful for planning the optimal drainage method. In the long run this practice would reduce the number of ducts damaged during surgery.

14

The demand analysis of oceanic T-S-V 3D reconstruction on wide-swath SSH data features based on ROMS and 4DVAR

75%

Zhou C., Zhang J., Yang J., Cao L.

Oceanologia

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2020

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tom 62

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nr 3

15

Bilateral pectoral musculature malformations with concomitant vascular anomaly

75%

Paraskevas G. K., Raikos A.

Folia Morphologica

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2010

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tom 69

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nr 3

We report on a unique combination of multiple variations concerning the pectoral muscles and the left external jugular vein. Specifically, a bilateral hypoplasia of the medial clavicular portion of the pectoralis major muscle was noticed along with the coexistence of total right pectoralis minor aplasia, substituted by loose connective and fatty tissue. Simultaneously, a supernumerary anterior-placed external jugular vein was found, which, after its supraclavicular course, pierced the interval between the left clavicular and the sternocostal head, and drained into the left jugular junction. The combination of the above anomalies constitutes an atypical pattern of Poland syndrome. We discuss the related embryological development and the relative literature. Attention was paid to the clinical importance for plastic surgeons, general surgeons, and radiologists, facilitating them with accurate interpretation of anterior thoracic wall findings. (Folia Morphol 2010; 69, 3: 187–191)

16

Split median nerve. A report of two cases

75%

Krol A., Palczak A., Jedrzejewski K. S.

Folia Morphologica

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2005

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tom 64

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nr 4

341-344

Two variations of the median nerve described in the Lanz study as type 3 anomalies were found during dissection. In the first case the median nerve splits in the cubital fossa and descends through the carpal tunnel to the palm of the hand. In the second of the reported cases the median nerve splits 45 mm before entering the carpal tunnel and is accompanied by a persistent median artery. Surgeons should take such variations into consideration in order to plan surgical approaches judiciously.

17

Unilateral agenesis of the facial artery with compensation by a giant transverse facial artery

75%

Tubbs R. S., Salter E. G., Oakes W. J.

Folia Morphologica

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2005

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tom 64

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nr 3

During routine dissections carried out in the course of our medical gross anatomy work, an unusual structure was found unilaterally on the left side of an adult male cadaver. Upon investigation, this was determined to be a hugely dilated transverse facial artery. Also noted was the complete absence of the ipsilateral facial artery. To our knowledge, this is the first report of complete agenesis and not simply diminution of the facial artery with compensatory enlargement of the transverse facial artery.

18

Anomalous origin of the left vertebral artery from the arch of the aorta: review of the literature and a case report

75%

Jayanthi V., Prakash O., Nirmala Devi M., Geethanjali B. S., Rajini T.

Folia Morphologica

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2010

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tom 69

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nr 4

The present report describes an anomalous case of the left vertebral artery arising from the aortic arch between the left common carotid artery and the left subclavian artery in a male cadaver during dissection in an anatomical laboratory. Aortic origin of the vertebral artery is a rare anatomic variant. Detailed knowledge of anomalous origin is important for patients who undergo four- -vessel angiography. Normally, the vertebral artery arises from the first part of the subclavian artery on both sides. We also review the anomalous origin of the vertebral artery in the literature and discuss its clinical significance. (Folia Morphol 2010; 69, 4: 258–260)

19

Dental anomalies in the gray fox Urocyon cinereoargenteus and the fox Vulpes vulpes

75%

Gisburne T. J., Feldhamer G. A.

Acta Theriologica

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2005

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tom 50

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nr 4

515-520

We examined dental anomalies, including oligodonty, polydonty, connation, rotation, and misalignment in 510 gray foxes and 150 red foxes from southern Illinois (USA). Dental anomalies were significantly more common (x 2 = 11.5, df = 1,p < 0.001) in gray foxes (n = 177; 34.7% of sample) than red foxes (n = 25; 16.6% of sample), and more common in male than female gray foxes (x 2 = 3.88, df = 1,p < 0.05). Polydonty was very uncommon, as expected for species in which the normal dental complement is close to the primitive eutherian number. In both species, the most prevalent anomaly was loss of the last lower molar. Loss of the upper or lower first premolar was also common. Thus, oligodonty almost always involved the smaller anterior (P1 and P1) or posterior (M3) teeth of the dental arcade. Conversely, the large carnassial teeth, with complex occlusal patterns and shearing surfaces, appeared to be highly conserved with only three anomalous individuals (0.4%) among all specimens.

20

Epimorphic regeneration of an appendage complex in Tegenaria atrica C.L.Koch [Agelenidae]

75%

Jacunski L., Napiorkowska T.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Biological Sciences

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2000

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tom 48

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nr 3

Ograniczanie wyników

Two cases of inferior vena cava duplication with their CT findings and a review of the literature