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Genetic relationships within colonies suggest genetic monogamy in the Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber)

100%

Syruckova A., Saveljev A. P., Frosch C., Durka W., Savelyev A. A., Munclinger P.

Acta Theriologica

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2015

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tom 60

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nr 2

Social monogamy, considered rare in mammals, has been described in two species of beaver, the Eurasion beaver (Castor fiber), and the North American beaver (Castor Canadensis). Social monogamy, however, does not necessarily imply genetic monogamy. For example, in group living mammals, females may engage in extra-pair copulations as a result of increased female mate choice opportunities. Recently, following genetic analysis, a wide range of genetic relationships among colony members have been documented in the North American beaver, including extra-pair paternity. Here, we used microsatellite loci to provide parentage estimates from colonies of the Eurasian beaver in the Kirov region, Russia. No evidence for the presence of any extra-pair young was detected. However, in two cases, we found a pair of unrelated males inhabiting a single colony. Our results suggest that while colonies may comprise both related and unrelated individuals, the genetic mating system appears to match that of the previously inferred social monogamy.

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Species diversity and composition of fungal communities in a Scots pine forest affected by the great cormorant colony

84%

Kutorga E., Irsenaite R., Iznova T., Kasparavicius J., Markovskaja S., Motiejunaite J.

Acta Mycologica

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2013

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tom 48

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nr 2

A Scots pine forest, affected by the great cormorant colony, was studied by plot-based fungal survey method during the years 2010-2012 in Lithuania. Diversity and composition of fungal communities were investigated at five zones that had been influenced by different stages of breeding colony establishment: starting-point and almost abandoned cormorant colony part (zones A and B), active part (zones C and D), and the edge of the colony (zone E). The control zone G in undamaged by cormorants pine stand was assessed too. A total of 257 fungal species of ascomycetes including anamorphic fungi, basidiomycetes and zygomycetes were recorded. Seven species were registered for the first time in Lithuania. Species richness in the examined zones varied, lowest being in zones B (51 species), C (46) and D (73) and almost twice as high in the zones A and E (129 and 120, respectively). The comparison of fungal species compositions of different zones showed that their similarity was rather low (SS: 0.22–0.59). The most obvious changes in the trophic structure of fungal communities in the territory occupied by the bird colony were a strong decrease of mycorrhizal species, the presence of coprophilous fungi on forest litter, and the appearance of host-specialized fungi on alien and non-forest plants that have established in the disturbed forest.

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Phylogenetic analysis of black queen cell virus and deformed wing virus in honeybee colonies infected by mites in Van, Eastern Turkey

84%

Karapinar Z., Oguz B., Dincer E., Ozturk C.

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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2018

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tom 74

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nr 07

This study aimed to determine the presence and prevalence of viral and parasitic infections causing high rates of colony loss in honey bee colonies in Van province, eastern Turkey. Twenty-six different apiaries were collected from five counties in Van province. These samples were tested by Reverse-Transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) for acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV), chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV), black queen cell virus (BQCV) and deformed wing virus (DWV). Selected positives were sequenced, phylogenetically analyzed and investigated in terms of Varroa. DWV and BQCV were identified in 69.23% (18/26) and 88.46% (23/26) of the bees respectively whereas ABPV and CBPV were not detected in the sampled apiaries. Results of the phylogenetic analysis of DWV and BQCV sequences showed 94-100% similarity to DWV and BQCV isolates obtained from Genbank. Prevalence of varroasis was 89% (23/26) in Van. The obtained samples were identified as Varroa destructor by morphological investigation. The study showed that viral and parasitic agents commonly infect honeybees in Van province, with high prevalence rates for BQCV and DWV. There was also a high degree of conservation of DWV and BQCV sequences distinct from DWV and BQCV isolates from other geographical regions. These findings, including current prevalence and phylogenetic analysis data for DWV, BQCV and varroazis in honeybees, are useful for future studies.

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Effects of urban pressure on colonies of Formica rufa group (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in the town of Espoo (Finland)

84%

Wuorenrinne H.

Annales Zoologici

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1988-1989

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tom 42

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nr 13-17

Quantitative changes in red wood ant populations affected by urban pressure were studied at the town of Espoo (Southern Finland) in 1974-1980. Torossian's (an average mound volume and a total mound volume per ha) and Francour's indices (a number of inhabited, new established and abandoned nests during a year) were analyzed. Differences in the responsivity to anthropogenization of particular species (Formica pratensis Retz., F. rufa L., F. polyctena Foerst., and F. aquilonia Yarb.) were determined.

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Effect of different reproductive strategies on colony development characteristics in Bombus terrestris L.

84%

Gosterit A.

Journal of Apicultural Science

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2011

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tom 55

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nr 2

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Impact of food type on long term consumption kinetics in group-housed domestic cats (Felis catus)

67%

Kurosad A., Paslawska U., Janeczek A., Paslawski R., Jonkisz P., Sikorska-Kopylowicz A., Jank M., Glogowski R.

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Animal Science

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2018

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tom 57[1]

Impact of food type on long term consumption kinetics in group-housed domestic cats (Felis catus). The aim of the current research was to assess the impact of the type of dry food on the long term acceptance in cats, expressed as consumption curves. A group of 14 adult neutered domestic cats were subsequently offered three types of products: economy, medium and premium. The consumption of food has been carefully monitored each day of the experiment, which enabled the drawing of the precise consumption curve. The average daily consumption showed differences between feeding periods (98.33%, 61.17% and 55.04% for premium, medium and economy diet type, respectively). In all groups the monotony effect has been observed, but the relative stability of the consumption has been observed only in cats fed with the premium type of food. The attractiveness of the economy type of food was distinctively low, resulting in a regularly waved consumption curve. It can be concluded, that the prolonged offering of a particular type of complete dry pet food within the limits of metabolizable energy requirements may potentially lead to adverse consequences for cats. The food consumption level that supplies the minimal daily energy amount can likely result in imbalanced macronutrient intake.

Ograniczanie wyników

Genetic relationships within colonies suggest genetic monogamy in the Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber)

Species diversity and composition of fungal communities in a Scots pine forest affected by the great cormorant colony

Phylogenetic analysis of black queen cell virus and deformed wing virus in honeybee colonies infected by mites in Van, Eastern Turkey

Effects of urban pressure on colonies of Formica rufa group (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in the town of Espoo (Finland)

Effect of different reproductive strategies on colony development characteristics in Bombus terrestris L.

Impact of food type on long term consumption kinetics in group-housed domestic cats (Felis catus)