Wyniki wyszukiwania

1

The role of biogeochemical barriers in water migration of humic substances

100%

Szpakowska B., Zyczynska-Baloniak I.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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1994

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tom 03

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nr 2

This paper discusses research into the seasonal variability of concentrations of total carbon (TC), dissolved organic substances (DOC), and humic substances (HS) migrating with ground water from cultivated fields. Moreover, the effects of biogeochemical barriers such as meadow belts, shelterbelts and small field ponds on limiting migration of the chemical compounds in the agricultural landscape were analysed. It was found that ground water of the studied area contains high concentrations of all examined elements averaging from 44.7 to 73.1 mg/1 of TC, from 224 to 43.6 mg/1 of DOC, and from 6.84 to 20.3 mg/1 HS. It was shown that a 20 m wide meadow belt reduces concentration of TC in ground water by 29%, that of DOC by 44%, and HS by 52%. Moreover, it was found that surface waters of the studied area also contain high concentrations of TC (mean from 65.7 to 78.3 mg/1), DOC (47.8 mg/1), and HS (from 21.3 to 34.0 mg/1). The study results show that such biogeochemical barriers as meadow belts and small field ponds effectively limit the spread of organic compounds migrating with ground water through agricultural landscapes.

2

Sulphur contamination of soils: a threat to agroecosystems

100%

Motowicka-Terelak T., Terelak H.

Polish Journal of Soil Science

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2000

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tom 33

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nr 2

3

Millipede (Diplopoda) communities in agricultural landscape: influence of management form

84%

Stasiov S., Hazuchova L., Vician V., Kocik K., Svitok M.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2014

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tom 62

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nr 3

Currently, the alternative forms of management are increasingly applied in agriculture. Although their less negative impact on environment is generally supposed, there is still a lack of a reliable data about their real favourability for the abundance and diversity of soil invertebrates, including millipedes. Therefore, the aim of our study was to find out, whether the form of agricultural management affects the structure of millipede communities and hence, the performance of their functions in soil ecosystems. The research was carried out using pitfall trapping through growing seasons 2005 to 2007 on the model territory of Agricultural Cooperative (AC) Očová (Central Slovakia). Millipedes were captured at four pairs of sites (8 sites in total). The same cultivated crop (wheat, barley, alfalfa or permanent law) with application of two different forms of agricultural management (conventional form and sustainable form with basic sustainable agro-environmental scheme) was characteristic of each pair of sites. The research results disclosed that the management form plays a significant role, especially in such agrocoenoses, in which the same crop is cultivated for several years (e.g. sites with alfalfa or permanent lawn), i.e., on the sites without ploughing or other similar agrotechnical measures. In these cases, the sites with the sustainable agro-environmental scheme had higher species richness (8 and 9 species) and higher total abundance of millipede communities (2.2 and 5.7 ind. collected per one day and one trap) than the sites with the conventional form of agrotechnical management (5 and 5 species, 0.09 and 0.3 ind. collected per one day and one trap). In order to obtain a more detailed knowledge about the impact of agricultural management forms on millipede communities, this kind of research should be carried out in different conditions (other crops, soil conditions, climate zones, etc.) as well.

4

Soil nematodes in organic and conventional farming system: a comparison of the taxonomic and functional diversity

84%

Ilieva-Makulec K., Tyburski J., Makulec G.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2016

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tom 64

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nr 4

Agricultural practices in organic farming theoretically are supposed to lead to higher diversity and activity of soil organisms, which correlates with the stability or resilience of the soil system. In a 3-year study, we tested that hypothesis by comparing the nematode abundance, genera composition and community structure in the soil of winter wheat crop under organic and conventional management. We found the soil type to be a stronger predictor for the total nematodes abundance than the farming system itself. In both systems nematode densities were higher in the sandy than in the clayey soil. Total abundance of nematodes was significantly higher in the organic than conventional farm only in sandy soil and only in the autumn. Significantly more plant feeders was observed in organic than in the conventional crops regardless the soil type. In the clayey soil more bacterial feeders were found in the conventional farm, while in the sandy soil — in the organic one. Nematode generic richness was higher in the organic (a range of 15–35 genera) than in the conventional crops (a range of 15–29) on most sampling dates. Higher generic diversity (H') in the organic crop than in conventional was found for total nematodes in the clayey soil, and for hyphal feeders in sandy soil. H' for plant feeders were higher under organic than conventional system in both types of soil. In both farming systems bacterial feeding genera (Rhabditis, Panagrolaimus, Cephalobus and Acrobeloides) dominated in the communities. Plant feeders and omnivores were found among dominant genera only in the clayey soil, first under both systems, the latter only in the organic crops. The evaluation based on the ecological indices such as Maturity Index, Plant Parasite Index, Enrichment and Structure Index, and ratios between nematode trophic groups, showed that nematode communities under both farming systems most of the time were low matured and the soil food webs strongly disturbed.

5

Active forms of sulphur in soils of the agroecosystems

84%

Hamkalo Z., Hamkalo M., Poznyak S.

Nawozy i Nawożenie

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2004

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tom 06

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nr 1[18]

6

Communities of beetles and spiders in the stands of normal and genetically modified maize

84%

Habustova O., Turanli F., Spitzer L., Ruzicka V., Dolezal P., Sehnal F.

Pestycydy

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2005

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nr 3

125-131

7

Effect of clovers intercropping and earthworm activity on weed growth

84%

Zarea M. J., Ghalavand A., Goltapeh E. M., Rejali F.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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2010

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tom 50

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nr 4

Forage legumes are used to enhance soil fertility of the agroecosystem. Understanding their effect on the agroecosystem during their growing period is essential. The objective of this field study was to evaluate annual clovers intercropping and earthworm activity on the growth of weeds. The field experiment was carried out during the 2006–2007 growing seasons at the research farm of the Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj (Iran) involving various mixed cropping ratios of berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L., B) and Persian clover (Trifolium resupinatum L., P) (B : P = 1 : 0, 3 : 1, 1 : 1, 1 : 3) with and without earthworm Pheretima sp. inoculation. Nitrogen content of plants and weeds as well as biomass was measured. Forage yield was higher in 2006 than 2007 but had similar response to cropping systems and earthworm inoculation. Total forage yield was highest in mixed cropping system (MCS). While in the first cut, the berseem sole crop (SC) tended to greatly suppress the growth of weeds, in the second cut Persian clover sole crop further suppressed weeds. The greater total crop biomass had an even higher weed suppression. Earthworm activity did not affect cut 1 but increased forage and weed biomass yield in cut 2. However in cut 1, berseem tended to greatly suppress the growth of weeds, which may be explained by the greater nitrogen accumulation in monocultures and intercrops, Persian clover in cut 2 had greater suppression on weed biomass production. Nitrogen accumulation of crops and weed increased under earthworm activity in the second cut.

8

Effect of habitat diversity on breeding birds: comparison of farmland bird community in the Region of Wielkopolska [W.Poland] with relevant data from other European studies

84%

Tryjanowski P.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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1999

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tom 47

|

nr 2

9

Influence of conservation tillage on organic matter dynamics in soils of Eastern Canada

84%

Carter M. R., Angers D. A., Gregorich E. G., Bolinder M. A.

Bibliotheca Fragmenta Agronomica

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1997

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tom 2A

10

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Study of the impact of polluted agroecosystem by sulphur compounds on Colorado potato beetle [Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say] and the occurrence of cannibalism among beetles of this species

84%

Przybylski Z.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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2001

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tom 41

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nr 1

The research was conducted to evaluate the impact of sulphur compounds on the sex of Colorado potato beetle in the region of sulphur factory in Chmielów near Tarnobrzeg in 1995. The control plantations were situated in the village of Zarębki, about 30km from Chmielów. The object of the study was the average body mass of female and male specimen of the insect after full spring beetle appearance in potato plantations as well as the average body female and male mass after pupation of the larvae of the first generation and emerging from the soil. After six and twelve days of starvation, the average female and male body mass was determined. After twelve days of starvation the incident of cannibalism was noticed among the beetles of the first zone polluted by sulphur compounds.

11

Interactions between Collembola and soil-borne cereal pathogen Fungi

84%

Sabatini M. A., Innocenti G.

Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne

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1995

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tom 64

|

nr 1-4

12

Sulphur in agroecosystems

84%

Haneklaus S., Bloem E., Schnug E.

Folia Universitatis Agriculturae Stetinensis. Agricultura

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2000

|

tom 81

13

Seasonal variations in microhabitat use and feeding habits of the pampas mouse Akodon azarae in agroecosystems of central Argentina

84%

Bilenca D. N., Kravetz F. O.

Acta Theriologica

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1998

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tom 43

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nr 2

We studied microhabitat use and food habits of the pampas mouse Akodon azarae (Fischer, 1829), in agroecosystems of central Argentina. In summer (breeding season), A. azarae inhabited both cropfields and their weedy borders. Sexually active females were caught at microhabitats with 31% more green cover than inactive ones. The percentage of invertebrates in the stomach contents of females was 104% greater than in males. In winter (non-breeding season), individuals were restricted to the borders, selecting sites with high levels of forbs and green cover, There were no significant differences between the sexes, either in microhabitat use or in food habits. We propose that reproduction of females is influenced by green cover, and that a decrease of this resource may reduce breeding activity of females in the borders after most plants enter senescence. Females would feed on insects as a source of proteins, which are required for reproduction. In winter, when the population is sexually inactive, individuals of both sexes have similar requirements and occupy the most suitable sites available within a low-quality habitat. We conclude that seasonal variations in microhabitat use and food habits of A. azarae are mainly influenced by changes in resource availability and reproductive status of individuals.

14

Sulphur content in dandelion [Taraxacum officinale] as an indicator of threat to agroecosystems

84%

Terelak H., Motowicka-Terelak T.

Acta Agrophysica

|

2001

|

tom 51

Dandelion (Taraxacnn officinale) was used in a KBN-supported project focused on the assessment of the extent to which Polish agricultural environment is contaminated with sulphur. Studies were carried out in different regions of the country. Sulphur content in leaves ofthat plant at full blooming varied with the level of sulphur contamination of soil and air. Dandelions from the heavily industrialised areas of the Upper Silesia, Legnica-Głogów Copper Mining District, and the Tarnobrzeg Sulphur Mining District showed high sulphur content and the S content (0.4%) in excess of the threshold value for this species.

15

Evaluation of the impact of agroclimatic elements on ground beetles [Carabidae] occurrence in agroecosystems with a method of correlation

84%

Palosz T.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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2002

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tom 42

|

nr 1

From May to July in the years 1995-2000 studies on the numbers of density of Carabidae on two fields with different cultivation systems (intensive and conventional) were performed. Including other elements like kind of a crop and weather conditions during the investigations it was possible to compile a summary numerical index of main factors having the influence on the occurrence of Carabidae and being in a very good correlation with the number of these insects in agroecosystems.

16

Field validation of DNDC and SWAP models for temperature and water content of loamy and sandy loam Spodosols

67%

Balashov E., Buchkina N., Rizhiya E., Farkas C.

International Agrophysics

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2014

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tom 28

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nr 2

The objectives of the research were to: fulfil the preliminary assessment of the sensitivity of the soil, water, atmosphere, and plant and denitrification and decomposition models to variations of climate variables based on the existing soil database; validate the soil, water, atmosphere, and plant and denitrification and decomposition modelled outcomes against measured records for soil temperature and water content. The statistical analyses were conducted by the sensitivity analysis, Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficients and root mean square error using measured and modelled variables during three growing seasons. Results of sensitivity analysis demonstrated that: soil temperatures predicted by the soil, water, atmosphere, and plant model showed a more reliable sensitivity to the variations of input air temperatures; soil water content predicted by the denitrification and decomposition model had a better reliability in the sensitivity to daily precipitation changes. The root mean square errors and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficients demonstrated that: the soil, water, atmosphere, and plant model had a better efficiency in predicting seasonal dynamics of soil temperatures than the denitrification and decomposition model; and among two studied models, the denitrification and decomposition model showed a better capability in predicting the seasonal dynamics of soil water content.

17

Habitat selection by Burrowing Owls Athene cunicularia in the pampas of Argentina: a multiple-scale assessment

67%

Baladron A. V., Isacch J. P., Cavalli M., Bo M. S.

Acta Ornithologica

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2016

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tom 51

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nr 2

Human-induced habitat changes have been typically linked to negative effects on native species, but an increasing number of studies show that many species are unaffected by these changes or even benefited from them. The Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia is a raptor species that has deserved special attention in recent years due to its capacity to live in a variety of natural and modified habitats. In this study, we analyzed habitat characteristics that determine the habitat selection of the Burrowing Owl at the nest-patch, territory and landscape scales in the Pampas of Argentina. We performed broadcasting call surveys to evaluate presence-absence of owls at random points. In addition, we measured habitat variables in the field and used satellite imagery to obtain land-use information. We used Generalized Linear Models to explore the influence of habitat variables on the probability of occupancy by Burrowing Owls. Our results indicate that Burrowing Owls demonstrate good ability to live in a wide variety of habitat types and with different disturbance levels in the Pampas. At the nest-patch scale, which includes the nest-site and the surrounding patch around it, the presence of owls was positively associated with the horizontal visibility and was influenced by the land-cover type. At the territory scale, the occurrence of owls was positively associated with the presence of active (non-vegetated) dunes and negatively with croplands. At the landscape scale, the presence of owls was negatively associated with the disturbance level and positively with the amount of borders between habitats. A unique multi-scale model containing variables of the three spatial scales was more robust to explain variation in Burrowing Owl occupancy patterns than any single-scale model. This would reveal the hierarchical nature of habitat selection by Burrowing Owls in the Pampas, comparable to that observed in North American populations.

18

Research on possibility of using potato beetle [Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say] as a bioindicator of soil polluted by lead

67%

Przybylski Z.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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2002

|

tom 42

|

nr 1

The bioindicative research conducted in 1998 concerned the soil polluted by lead in the region of Glass Factory in Krosno. Potato beetle larvae descending to soil for pupation were the soil bioindicator. Samples of soil were collected in the distance of 500 to 1,000 m from the factory emitters, and later the lead content was determined in the Chemical Agricultural Station in Rzeszów. The lead level in the 1st pollution zone was 200.0 mg Pb/kg while in the 2nd zone 70.0 mg/kg, and in the soil sample from the control field the level was 12.0 mg/kg. The obtained results of the analysis conducted in the laboratory of the Regional Experimental Station did not show any significant differences between both the beetle mass which emerged from the soil, and their number from the control field and the experimental one.

19

Wpływ czynników środowiska na parazytoidy [Hymenoptera] w agroekosystemach

51%

Bilewicz-Pawinska T., Pankanin-Franczyk M.

Wiadomości Entomologiczne

|

1995

|

tom 14

|

nr 2

103-111

This paper presents the influence of crop diversity and meteorological conditions on species of parasitoids (Hymenoptera) attacking Sitobion avenae F., Lygus rugulipennis POPP., Eurygaster maura (L.), Empoasca solani (CURT.) and Eupteryx atropunctata (GOEZE) (Hemiptera) in agroecosystems.

Ograniczanie wyników

The role of biogeochemical barriers in water migration of humic substances

Sulphur contamination of soils: a threat to agroecosystems

Millipede (Diplopoda) communities in agricultural landscape: influence of management form

Soil nematodes in organic and conventional farming system: a comparison of the taxonomic and functional diversity

Active forms of sulphur in soils of the agroecosystems

Communities of beetles and spiders in the stands of normal and genetically modified maize

Effect of clovers intercropping and earthworm activity on weed growth

Effect of habitat diversity on breeding birds: comparison of farmland bird community in the Region of Wielkopolska [W.Poland] with relevant data from other European studies

Influence of conservation tillage on organic matter dynamics in soils of Eastern Canada

Study of the impact of polluted agroecosystem by sulphur compounds on Colorado potato beetle [Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say] and the occurrence of cannibalism among beetles of this species

Interactions between Collembola and soil-borne cereal pathogen Fungi

Sulphur in agroecosystems

Seasonal variations in microhabitat use and feeding habits of the pampas mouse Akodon azarae in agroecosystems of central Argentina

Sulphur content in dandelion [Taraxacum officinale] as an indicator of threat to agroecosystems

Evaluation of the impact of agroclimatic elements on ground beetles [Carabidae] occurrence in agroecosystems with a method of correlation

Field validation of DNDC and SWAP models for temperature and water content of loamy and sandy loam Spodosols

Habitat selection by Burrowing Owls Athene cunicularia in the pampas of Argentina: a multiple-scale assessment

Research on possibility of using potato beetle [Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say] as a bioindicator of soil polluted by lead

Wpływ czynników środowiska na parazytoidy [Hymenoptera] w agroekosystemach