Alopecurus myosuroides seeds were sampled from 32 winter wheat fields from 2010 to 2014. Resistance to herbicides was detected in 17 A. myosuroides populations. In addition to single resistance to herbicides, cross-resistance and multiple resistance to acetolactate synthase (ALS)- and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase)-inhibiting herbicides were found. Application of sulfometuron and imazapyr was unable to control some of the resistant biotypes in this study. This result implies that resistance in these populations is due to a target site mechanism. The A. myosuroides biotypes resistant to ACCase-inhibiting herbicides varied in their responses to derivatives of aryloxy-phenoxy-propionic acid (FOPs), cyclohexanediones (DIMs) and phenylpyrazolines (DENs). Resistant biotypes of A. myosuroides that could not be controlled with fenoxaprop-P-ethyl (FOP) and pinoxaden (DEN) were controlled with clethodim (DIM).
Reports on control failure of grass weeds due to herbicides resistance are more frequent recently. Silky bentgrass (Apera spica-venti L.) is one of the dominating grass weed in Poland in winter crops fields. For control of A. spica-venti in Poland farmers used few herbicides, ALS inhibitors, ACCase inhibitors and photosyntem II inhibiting herbicides. During last 2 years (2008–2009) seeds Silky bentgrass were collected from the field where farmers informed that after using herbicides the control this grass weed was very poor. Collected seeds were used in greenhouse experiments. Collected biotypes were compared with susceptible biotypes from Experimental Station Winna Góra. Obtained data from the experiments indicated that three tested biotypes of A. spica-venti were cross-resistant to two ACCase-inhibiting herbicides fenoxaprop-P-ethyl and pinoxaden. The calculation for dose-response curve and resistance index ED50 indicated that the level of resistance of those two biotypes was high.
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