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1
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Estimated dietary intakes of nitrates in vegetarians compared to a traditional diet in Poland and acceptable daily intakes: is there a risk?

100%
Mitek M., Anyzewska A., Wawrzyniak A.
Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
|
2013
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tom 64
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nr 2
Background. Vegetarian diets, by definition, are rich in vegetables and so may have high levels of nitrates, that can elicit both positive or negative effects on the human body. Exposure to nitrates can thus be potentially higher for this population group. Objective. To estimate dietary nitrates intakes in Polish vegetarians and compare these with the Polish average. Material and methods. A sample of 86 vegetarians were surveyed via a questionnaire to determine nitrate intake for those adopting a vegetarian diet. Nitrate intakes for the average Pole were obtained from the Central Statistical Office. Results. The domestic intake of nitrate, per average person, during 2000-2009, ranged from 115.5 to 133.7 mg NaNO3 with a mean of 125 mg NaNO3 of which 35.4% constituted the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI). For vegetarians, the corresponding levels ranged from 37.3 to 2054.3 mg NaNO3 with a mean intake of 340.1 mg NaNO3 of which 95.8% represented the ADI. This was almost twice more than values obtained from calculating nitrate intakes of a typical 7-day vegetarian menu; 104.5 to 277.6 mg NaNO3 with a mean 175.9 mg NaNO3 with the 49.1% making up the ADI. Conclusions. The nitrate intakes in the tested vegetarians were 140 to 270% higher than ones for the average Pole, however in both cases the ADI was not exceeded. Nevertheless, the higher intake of nitrates so observed in vegetarians can be hazardous to some from this population group.
2
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Nitrates and nitrites in selected vegetables purchased at supermarkets in Siedlce, Poland

100%
Raczuk J., Wadas W., Glozak K.
Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
|
2014
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tom 65
|
nr 1
Background. Vegetables constitute a vital part of the human diet, being the main source of minerals, vitamins, dietary fibre and phytochemicals. They however, also contain nitrates and nitrites, which adversely affect human health. Objective. To determine nitrate and nitrite content in selected vegetables purchased at supermarket chains in Siedlce and to assess their impact on consumer health. Material and methods. Vegetable samples were purchased from local supermarkets in Siedlce, town situated in the Mazovian province (Voivodeship) of Poland. These consisted of 116 samples of nine vegetables types including butterhead and iceberg lettuce, beetroot, white cabbage, carrot, cucumber, radish, tomato and potato collected between April and September 2011. Concentrations of nitrate and nitrite were determined by standard colorimetric methods used in Poland, with results expressed as mg per kg fresh weight of vegetables. Results. Nitrate concentrations varied between 10 mg∙kg-1 to 4800 mg∙kg-1. The highest mean nitrate concentrations were found in radishes (2132 mg∙kg-1), butterhead lettuce (1725 mg∙kg-1), beetroots (1306 mg∙kg-1) and iceberg lettuce (890 mg∙kg-1), whereas the lowest were found in cucumber (32 mg∙kg-1) and tomato (35 mg∙kg-1). Nitrite levels were also variable; the highest concentrations measured were in beetroot (mean 9.19 mg∙kg-1) whilst much smaller amounts were present in carrot, cucumbers, iceberg lettuce, white cabbage, tomatoes and potatoes. The daily adult consumption of 100 g amounts of the studied vegetables were found not exceed the ADI for both nitrates and nitrites. Conclusions. Findings indicated the need for monitoring nitrate and nitrite content in radishes, butterhead lettuce and beetroot due to consumer health concerns.
3

"Wybieraj z GDA" - ruszył ogólnopolski program znakowania wartością odżywczą

80%
Gantner A.
Przemysł Fermentacyjny i Owocowo-Warzywny
|
2009
|
tom 53
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nr 02
4

Dobra Praktyka Ochrony Roslin i Dopuszczalne Dzienne Pobranie a pozostalosci substancji czynnych preparatow chemicznych

70%
Sadlo S.
Progress in Plant Protection
|
2001
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tom 41
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nr 1
123-128
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