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1
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
Content available

In vitro antifungal activity of Citrus aurantifolia Linn plant extracts against phytopathogenic fungi Macrophomina phaseolina

100%
Balamurugan S.
International Letters of Natural Sciences
|
2014
|
tom 08
|
nr 2
The aqueous extracts of leaf of Citrus aurantifolia L were assessed in vitro for inhibitory activity against Macrophomina phaseolina isolated from dry root rot specimens of Gingelly. The antifungal activity was determined by poison food technique. The extracts have shown dose dependent inhibition of mycelial growth of test fungi. The extracts were more effective in inhibiting Macrophomina phaseolina. The extracts of Citrus aurantifolia were found effective against Gingelly dry root rot pathogens. Further field experiments are to be carried out to recommend the extracts against the disease.
2

Growth promotion and charcoal rot management in chickpea by Trichoderma harzianum

84%
Jyotsna, Srivastava A., Singh R. P., Srivastava A. K., Saxena A. K., Arora D. K.
Journal of Plant Protection Research
|
2008
|
tom 48
|
nr 1
81-92
The strains of Trichoderma harzianum were assessed for their effect on chickpea growth and control of charcoal rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina in greenhouse assay. T. harzianum strain 25-92 significantly increased the fresh and dry weights by 50-63% and 24-42%, respectively, whereas strain 29-92 increased the fresh weight of chickpea cv. Radhey and Vishwas by 12-30% but not the dry weight in the absence of M. phaseolina. A marked increase in root length was caused by both the strains. In M. phaseolina infested pots, number of lateral roots and branching decreased with nonsignificant change in weight. Significant (P = 0.05) reduction in charcoal rot disease was observed in the pots amended with T. harzianum at all the concentrations. Moreover, 60-40% reduction in disease was recorded after 14 and 28 days in chickpea varieties Radhey and Vishwas. The resistant variety Vijay does not show significant disease. The reduction in disease was more pronounced at higher inoculum concentrations of T. harzianum (107-108 cfu/g). Overall, Trichoderma strain 25-92 improved plant growth and reduced damage in presence of the pathogen. Besides disease control the growth promoting properties of the strain improve the efficacy for commercial application.
3

Differential antagonism of Trichoderma sp. against Macrophomina phaseolina

84%
Aly A. A., Abdel-Sattar M. A., Omar M. R., Abd-Elsalam K. A.
Journal of Plant Protection Research
|
2007
|
tom 47
|
nr 2
In view of the ecological hazards of chemicals, pot experiments were conducted to determine the efficacy of Trichoderma sp. against Macrophomina phaseolina. Greenhouse evolution of the interaction between M. phaseolina isolates and Trichoderma sp. (isolated revealed a very highly significant (p=0.0000). M. phaseolina isolate x antagonist isolate interaction for all the following parameters: preemergence damping-off, postemergence damping-off, survival, plant height, and dry weight. This interaction implies that a single isolate of antagonist can be highly effective against an isolate of M. phaseolina, but may have only minimal effects on other isolates of M. phaseolina. Therefore, isolates of antagonist should be tested against as many isolates of M. phaseolina as possible, as this will improve the chance of identifying antagonist isolates effective against several isolates of M. phaseolina.
4

Efficacy of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other biocontrol agents in the control of root rot infection in cotton

83%
Shamin S., Ahmad N., Atta-Ur-Rahman, Ehteshamul-Haque S., Ghaffar A.
Acta Agrobotanica
|
1997
|
tom 50
|
nr 1-2
5-10
Seed dressing with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Paecilomyces lilacinus and Trichoderma koningii significantly (p<0.05) reduced infection of Macrophomina phaseolina, Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium solani on cotton roots in pot experiments and in field. Combined use of P.aeruginosa strain CMG63 with T. koningii produced greater plant height and fresh weight of shoot in field as compared to CMG52 which showed better results in pot experiments.
5
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
Content available

Biocontrol mechanisms of Trichoderma harzianum against soybean charcoal rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina

67%
Khaledi N., Taheri P.
Journal of Plant Protection Research
|
2016
|
tom 56
|
nr 1
Throughout the world, charcoal rot, caused by Macrophomina phaseolina, is one of the most destructive and widespread diseases of crop plants such as soybean. In this study, the biological control capability of 11 Trichoderma spp. isolates against M. phaseolina was investigated using screening tests. Among all the tested Trichoderma spp. isolates, inhibition varied from 20.22 to 58.67% in dual culture tests. Dual culture, volatile and non-volatile tests revealed that two isolates of Trichoderma harzianum (including the isolates T7 and T14) best inhibited the growth of M. phaseolina in vitro. Therefore, these isolates were selected for biocontrol of M. phaseolina in vivo. The results of greenhouse experiments revealed that disease severity in the seed treatment with T. harzianum isolates was significantly lower than that of the soil treatment. In most of the cases, though, soil treatment with T. harzianum resulted in higher plant growth parameters, such as root and shoot weight. The effects of T. harzianum isolates on the activity of peroxidase enzyme and phenolic contents of the soybean root in the presence and absence of M. phaseolina were determined in greenhouse conditions. Our results suggested that a part of the inhibitory effect of T. harzianum isolates on soybean charcoal rot might be related to the indirect influence on M. phaseolina. Plant defense responses were activated as an elicitor in addition to the direct effect on the pathogen growth.
6

Assessing the suitability of morphological and phenological traits to screen sesame genotypes for Fusarium wilt and charcoal rot disease resistance

67%
El-Bramawy M. A. E. S., El-Hendawy S. E., Shaban W. I. A.
Journal of Plant Protection Research
|
2008
|
tom 48
|
nr 4
397-410
Since sesame genotypes differ significantly in many morphological and phenological traits, some of these traits could be suitable for direct selection among the sesame genotypes for Fusarium wilt and charcoal rot disease resistance. Forty-eight sesame genotypes that originated from different geographical regions were screened for their response to infection by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. sesami (FOS) and Macrophomina phaseolina (MPH), the Fusarium wilt and charcoal rot pathogens in 2005 and 2006 seasons, respectively. The seed yield and infection percentage by Fusarium wilt and charcoal rot pathogens were determined. Branch number and days to maturity as morphological traits and seed colour as phenological trait which represented the proposal for diversity among sesame genotypes were correlated with infection percentage and were used to examine the performance of these traits as screening criteria for Fusarium wilt and charcoal rot disease resistance. Our results showed that 57, 67 and 67% in 2005 and 77, 77 and 62% in 2006 of resistant genotypes for FOS, and 68, 77 and 64% in 2005 and 80, 76 and 60% in 2006 of resistant genotypes for MPH had a medium branch number, and were of medium maturity and having creamy seed colour, respectively. According to the analysis of regression, branch number and seed colour were significantly correlated with infection percentages by FOS and/or MPH. Therefore, these traits may be used as indices for direct selection for resistance of sesame genotypes to Fusarium wilt and charcoal rot disease. However, no significant correlation was found between days to maturity and infection percentage by both fungi. Linear regression between infection percentage and three groups of branch number and seed colour indicated that the sesame genotypes had medium branch number and having creamy or white seed colour were the only covariant which significantly correlated with the infection percentage by FOS and/or MPH.
7

A rapid agar - diffusion test for quantifying the toxic effects of copper on microorganisms

67%
Rozycki H.
Acta Microbiologica Polonica
|
1992
|
tom 41
|
nr 1-2
8

Control of the root-rot and root-knot disease complex by Pseudomonas aeruginosa: impact of bacterial rhizosphere colonization

67%
Siddiqui I. A., Etheshamul-Haque S., Shaukat S. S.
Acta Agrobotanica
|
2001
|
tom 54
|
nr 1
The potential of 3 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains as biocontrol agents of rootinfecting fungi Macrophomina phaseolina, Flusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani and the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica Was tested on chi!i and uridbean under greenhouse conditions. All the three strains significantly reduced nematode populations in soil, invasion, multiplication and gall formation due to M. javanica. Root infection by fungi was also effectively suppressed following P. aerllginosa application. Bacterial antagonists exhibited better biocontrol and growth promoting activity in 15-day-old plants than did those harvested at 30 or 45 days. Population of the bacterium in the rhizosphere declined rapidly after 15 days of nematode inoculation. Strain Pa-5 showed maximum nodulation in 15-day-old samplings while strain Pa-7 showed highest number of nodules in 30 and 45-day-old uridbean plants.
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