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The role of outsourcing in regional development

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More and more companies today decide to contract out some of the sectors of their enterprise to the outside company in order to increase its competitiveness in the market. Outsourcing is very often a strategic decision for a company. If outsourcing is carried out properly it can considerably contribute to improvement of the operational effectiveness of the company, as it enables it to focus on the core competencies. Cooperation with such third-parties is said to give an opportunity to use unique know-how, technology and competencies. The aim of this article is to determine the notion of outsourcing and its advantages and disadvantages in applying analysis in the BPO/SSC sector in the Lubelskie Voivodeship. This article presents selected companies from the BPO/SSC sector in Lublin. The said city has an opportunity to attract foreign investments from the BPO/SCC sector owing to the cost competitiveness and relatively high quality of human resources. The city of Lublin should, in an appropriate way, create a portfolio of the investments realized in the sector of BPO/SCC that will attract investors in the said sector.
An increasing awareness of consumers is reflected in a growing demand for products which are manufactured in a particular way, with unique ingredients, or which are of a particular origin. The analysis of consumers’ preferences makes it possible to define factors which determine the purchase of regional products. The aim of the work was to identify factors which determine the purchase of regional products from Lubelskie Voivodeship on the basis of cluster analysis using Ward’s hierarchical agglomerative clustering method. The research was carried out in 2016 and included 383 individuals. Statistical analysis of results was conducted on the basis of frequency analysis and cluster analysis. According to the respondents, the most frequently purchased regional products included bakery products (47%), dairy products (35.3%), meat (33.3%), and alcoholic beverages (29.4%). Over 53% of the respondents claimed that the prices of regional products are too high, every third person (29.6%) concluded that they are reasonable, while slightly over 3% of the respondents said they are low. Television and the Internet as well as close relatives and friends appeared to be the best forms of reaching the client with information concerning regional products when bringing them out on the market. However, the most common places where regional products were purchased were food fairs and festivals. Every second respondent purchased regional products at least once a month. Additionally, it was revealed that the consumers’ income was not a decisive factor when purchasing regional products. Despite financial stability, individuals who could be defined as “rich” in Polish conditions purchased regional products relatively rarely.
The aim of the study was to determine the environmental awareness of local authorities as a factor in the development of bio-economy in the natural valuable areas and the analysis of selected aspects of environmental awareness of the councilors of the Lublin voivodeship. An analysis was performed of the existing research on the environmental awareness of the inhabitants of the Lublin voivodship and the study of the environmental awareness of councilors conducted in 2013, being part of the project entitled: „Environmental conditions and factors of economic functions’ development in the areas of natural value of the Lublin voivodeship. „Analyses were performed for the following municipalities: Urszulin, Zwierzyniec, Wilków, Susiec, Sosnowica, where, in the late 90s studies were carried out of the ecological awareness of inhabitants of the natural valuable areas of the Lublin voivodship and five units of comparison – Biała Podlaska, Radzyń Podlaski, Komarówka Podlaska, Tyszowce, Wohyń. In the „green” municipalities, 70 councillors were studied - 95% of the total, and in the control ones 75 - 100% of the total. Councillors from the environmentally valuable municipalities showed their positive attitude to nature, but often had insufficient expertise on the resources, protection and sustainable use in the management processes. The condition for the development of bio-economy in the Lublin voivodship was to develop ecological awareness of local authorities.
Subject and purpose of work: This paper aims to assess the operational efficiency of public higher vocational schools in the Lublin Region. Materials and methods: The assessment was based on the non-parametric method of data envelopment analysis (DEA) using the standard CCR-O model. Results: In most of the analysed models (E, N, O series), the public higher vocational schools in the Lublin Region were found to have improved their efficiency in 2019 relative to 2017. Conclusions: E-series models are very susceptible to changes, both in terms of inputs and effects. This gives the possibility of a significant impact on the increase in the assessment of the effectiveness of investigated units DMUs. N-series models demonstrate the importance of aggregation and quality of source data for the results of performance assessment. Class O models justify the need to look for and compare the use of other DEA model variants in the study of the effectiveness of public higher vocational schools.
The paper studies the economic performance of sheep enterprises, the data pertain to 11 farms of the Lublin Province in 2012. There are 3 farms presented: one with the best farm income, one with the worst and the other with a “standard” medium farm income. The aim of this study was to compare the productivity (per 1 ha AL), where AL denotes arable land, and (per PLN 1) of direct costs on farms. The area of the farm did not affect the generated incomes. The standard farm had 19.07 ha AL and the best farm only 15.66 ha AL. A detailed analysis of the data allowed us to confirm the belief that direct payments did not affect economic results. The greatest support in the form of direct payments was in the “standard” farm.
This paper presents the results of a detailed inventory of the historic manor park in Łęczna in the Lublin Voivodeship, conducted in the year 2011. This object is an example of combining elements of the eighteenth-century Italian garden with the nineteenth-century landscape park. The park area is 12 hectares. A user of the area is the King Casimir School. A detailed dendrological inventory of the park revealed 932 items, including 852 trees and 25 large groups of shrubs. Tree stand of the park in Łęczna is represented by 32 species and varieties of trees. In terms of numbers prevail: Tilia cordata Mill., Acer platanoides L., Fraxinus excelsior L., Carpinus betulus L. and Robinia pseudoacacia L. Rare species of the foreign origin are Acer platanoides ‘Schwedleri’, Acer saccharinum ‘Wieri’, Cladrastis lutea Rudd., Gleditsia triacanthos L., Platanus ×hispanica ‚Acerifolia’, Quercus macrocarpha Michx. and Pinus nigra J. F. Arnold. The possibilities and directions of restoration presented in this work are based on the collected data.
The purpose of this study is to classify the activity of entrepreneurs in the fi eld of the integration of environmental concerns into the various phases of the life cycle of a product/ service and the evaluation of the potential of the selected elements of the organizations important from the perspective of expanding this activity. This paper includes an assessment of the signifi cance of some selected factors in the implementation of business support solutions in the adoption of pro-environmental ideas, and outlines the importance of the location as regards a natural, valuable area for the formation of eco-products. The study revealed no formal basis for the implementation of an eco-product policy and the pro-ecology motivation of half of the entities, resulting mainly from the need for compliance with environmental regulations. Activity in the shaping of eco-products requires a strengthening of the case study group and a more comprehensive approach. Its limitations are fi nancial and information barriers. Most respondents see opportunities for creating organic products as a result of their location.
The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the innovative behavior of enterprises located in rural areas of Lubelskie Voivodeship. The results presented and the analysis are based on the research project entitled “Intellectual Capital of Lublin Region 2010-2013.” It was conducted by the Statistical Office in Lublin at the request of the Marshal Office in Lubelskie Voivodeship under Priority VIII Regional Human Resources, Measure 8.2 Transfer of Knowledge, Sub-Measure 8.2.2 Regional Innovation Strategies of the Human Capital Programme for the years 2007-2013. An analysis of research shows that the innovation of enterprises in the region of Lublin is at a very low level. An unfavorable phenomenon is the low share of foreign capital in the financing of expenditure, as well as a small degree of cooperation between research institutes and enterprises located in rural areas.
Subject and purpose of work: The subject of the work was intra- and intersectoral cooperation between local governments for the development of tourism. The aim of the work was to evaluate the activity of local governments natural valuable areas of Lublin Province in undertaking co-operation in tourism. Materials and methods: The accomplishment of the objective was supported by the analysis of the literature of the subject and the results of the research carried out in 2013. The area of the study was composed of 30 municipalities of the highest ecological value group in Lublin Province. A diagnostic survey method was applied, with the use of an interview questionnaire which was addressed to village and town mayors. The additional source of information consisted of the web pages of municipal offices, organizations, which belonged to the surveyed local governments and statutes of these organizations. Results: It was shown that local governments within natural valuable areas did not sufficiently exploit diagonal co-operation in stimulating tourism development. The measures aimed at supporting tourism were characterized by lack of comprehensiveness. Only about one third of self-governments undertook comprehensive measures using forms of intrasectoral and intersectoral cooperation. Conclusions: Further development and intensification of diagonal cooperation is postulated, as well as promotion of good practices.
Subject and purpose of work: The subject of this analysis and evaluation is the use of renewable energy sources in Poland, particularly in the Lubelskie Voivodeship, as a peripheral region. The purpose of this paper is to identify the role and evaluate the scale and effects of using renewable energy sources (RES), as well as the availability and absorption of financial resources for RES promotion. Materials and methods: The data were obtained from the Office of the Ruda-Huta Commune, the Regional Operational Programme Department of the Marshal Office of the Lubelskie Voivodeship in Lublin and the Department of European Funds of the Ministry of Energy, as well as Statistics Poland (GUS) and the literature on the subject. Results: In Poland the proportion of energy from renewable sources to the total primary energy generated increased in 2012-2018 from 11.73% to 14.46%. A new phenomenon, which has been highly significant for the development of this sector, is the use of innovative, small-scale technologies of energy generation from renewable sources, which created the foundations for the growth of a citizens’ energy sector, based on the initiative of the citizens and their communities. The use of RES contributes to reduced expenditures on the purchase of energy carriers and constitutes an effective method of implementing plans for developing a low-carbon economy and reducing low-stack emissions. Conclusions: The continuing disparities between the regions point to the need for active structural intervention to maintain economic, social and territorial cohesion, particularly in areas which are considered peripheral and have a very low GDP per capita. One of the preferred directions should be to support the use of RES.
Subject and purpose of work: The aim of the study is to make a characteristic and evaluation of the conditions of environmental activities of companies representing the bioeconomy sector located in environmentally valuable areas of Lublin Voivodeship. The study also identifies key factors and barriers to eco-activity from the perspective of the surveyed companies. Materials and methods: To achieve the goal a review of literature and surveys were conducted in 2013 in 30 communes of the Lublin province (Poland), characterized by the highest level of the indicator of ecological value. The study used the method of diagnostic survey with a questionnaire interview. Results: Environment-friendly activities undertaken in the studied companies were conditioned largely by economic factors and the need to adapt the organization to meet the standards of environmental protection. Among the problems concerning determinants of eco-friendly activity entrepreneurs pointed high cost of adapting the organization to the increasingly stringent environmental legislation and organizational difficulties to adapt to these regulations. Conclusions: Bioeconomy sector companies operating in environmentally valuable areas are characterized by mutual harmonious relationship with the local natural environment. In the study group, there is a need to promote awareness of the possibility of external support for environmental activities.
The study consists of two parts. The aim of the first part of thesis providing theoretical background is to characterise the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility and its relationship with contemporary perception of the development of natural precious areas, where the bioeconomy sector plays an important role. The aim of the second, scientific part is to characterise enterprises representing the bioeconomy sector and to provide the level of importance of selected noneconomic factors related to social responsibility in business decision-making process. The article also presents the areas of environmentally friendly activities of analysed entities and the assessment of entrepreneurs regarding positive impact of business activities on the natural precious areas. The method of diagnostic survey along with an interview questionnaire were applied in the empirical research. In the group of 150 examined companies, 48 were selected to represent entities of the bioeconomy sector on the basis of the resource criterion, which included all entities of production area that use biological resources. This was followed by a comparative characteristics of declared attitudes and actions taken by companies with regard to corporate social responsibility in a group of the bioeconomy sector and others. In order to reveal the occurrence of characteristic clusters and similar attitudes towards particular areas of corporate social responsibility in the bioeconomy sector a two-stage classification method of grouping, Two-step Cluster, was employed. Selected elements of descriptive statistics and the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test of the statistical significance were introduced in the study. Results of empirical research, presented in a descriptive and graphic way in the form of tables and graphs, were delivered using the SPSS Statistical Package.
Subject and purpose of work: The aim of this article is to determine the influence of the institutional and systemic environment on the development of enterprises providing accommodation and catering services in Lublin province. Materials and Methods: The direct questionnaire and computer-assisted method of data collection CAWI were used to carry out research. Results: The research conducted in 2007 and 2013 shows that there was a positive change in the institutional and systemic environment, with improved access to capital and EU aid programs, along with government policy, local government policy and promotion, as well as tourism and business development organizations. Conclusions: Entrepreneurs expect greater involvement of the state in activities that encourage the increase of the competitiveness of enterprises. The issue of simplifying the tax system and reducing the existing taxes is particularly important.
The aim of the paper is to identify the products of projects of co-financed from the EU Aid Funds in the field of cultural assets in the Lubelskie voivodship. The analysis was conducted using the SIMIK database of the Ministry of Infrastructure and Development of the Republic of Poland. The data related to years 2007 to 2013 (2015). The study shows that in the territorial self-government units which are functionally linked up to rural areas, including rural communes, small towns and land counties, the main way of the use of grants for cultural projects are the investments aimed at adapting cultural objects to the fulfilment of new functions, including, first and foremost, grants for gastronomic and hotel services as well as the development of sports and recreational facilities. This results in the improvement of social and economic conditions, mainly due to the creation of new jobs and additional sources of income. In highly attractive tourist centres, such as Zamość, Nałęczów, Kazimierz Dolny, and Puławy, as well as in the voivodship capital, Lublin, the largest share of the expenditures goes for the purposes relating to revalorization of the objects of culture.
Celem opracowania jest porównanie rozwoju społecznego gmin województwa lubelskiego przy pomocy metod taksonomicznych. Syntetyczny wskaźnik rozwoju gmin województwa lubelskiego został oparty na podstawie danych pochodzących z Banku Danych Regionalnych uwzględniając sześć obszarów badań: rozwój ludnościowy, dostępność usług zdrowotnych, dostępność i jakość usług oświatowych, dostępność usług kulturalnych, warunki pracy i bezpieczeństwa społecznego oraz warunki mieszkaniowe. Zestawienie pozwala na porównanie poziomu rozwoju społecznego wybranych gmin.
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