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The paper examined how the farm management support provided by public extension to mitigate the effects of climate variability influences farmers’ production, and whether this support considers farmers’ capital assets. Both probability and non-probability sampling procedures were used to select districts, municipalities and farmers from 20 villages of Limpopo province, South Africa in January, 2014. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect data from field-level extension agents and smallholder grain farmers. The most common climate variability coping strategy promoted by many agents was climate-smart agriculture practices. This strategy was applied by most users and non-users of extension support. The most popular channel used by agents to communicate information to farmers was farm visits. There were indications that agents did not consider producers’ capital assets in their choice of channels to communicate information to producers. Results further indicate that extension support, including climate variability information, contributed to increased crop yields, albeit small. It is recommended that field trials be done to ensure proper application of climate variability coping measures. More use of mass media and group methods to supplement farm visits is recommended.
Agricultural commercialization refers to agricultural transformation in which farmers shift from mainly consumption oriented subsistence production towards market and profit oriented production systems. This study examined the effect of agricultural commercialization on food security among smallholder farmers in Polokwane municipality of Capricorn District in South Africa. Primary data were collected using a structured questionnaire. A multistage sampling technique was employed to collect data from 56 respondents in the study area. Analytical tools employed descriptive statistics, ordinary least square regression, and logistic regression. The results showed the majority (87.5 percent) of the farmers were market oriented. The study also revealed that the number of hired labourers, farm size, government subsidies, type of mechanization, and monthly expenses had influence on commercialization in the study area. Again, age of respondents, their marital status, level of education, farm size, number of labourers employed, mechanization type, and the level of commercialization were the determinants of food security in the study area. The study therefore, recommended that smallholder farmers in Polokwane municipality should be provided with productive inputs such as land, irrigation facilities and other incentives, market information, credit facilities, and extension services to enhance commercialization. Investment in capacity building through education should also be intensified to enhance commercialization because of its positive influence.
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