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Redescription of Chronogaster boettgerii Kischke, 1956 is provided. The male of this species was found for the first time, and herein is described and illustrated. Chronogaster boettgeri Kischke, 1956 is distinguished by its amphids circular at the surface and forming a single spiral with a dorsal break, presence of 3 caudal glands arranged in tandem, absence of lateral longitudinal lines, lack of vacuolated lateral glandular bodies, tail tip of female with single, almost ventral and straight mucro; male is distinguished by tail terminus devoid of mucro and absence of tuboid preanal supplements.
The study of inland free-living nematodes is relatively imperfect in China, only seventeen papers were previously published. Since the early researches in 20-30s, few works have been accomplished until 80s. Altogether 171 taxa were formerly recorded, among which, over eighty species have been re-combined. A checklist of the former records with notes on their distribution is presented in this paper. Recently, the function of free-living nematodes has received much attention from Chinese zoologists. Hence, the present authors carried out their studies with emphasis on taxonomy of inland nematodes. During the survey of freshwater lakes, two species are found to be new to science. Aphanonchus orientalis sp. nov. is characterized by having sclerotized vagina, the presence of 10-11 tubular supplements and 42-62 alveoli supplements in males, but no alveoli in females. Daptonema limnobia sp. nov. is distinguished from other species of the genus in the presence of larger and more anteriorly located amphids, shorter bifurcated spicules, smaller apophysis of gubernaculum, shorter terminal setae, and postvulval uterine sac in females.
Three new species of Chronogaster Cobb are described; two from Mexico and one from Poland. C. jankiewiczi sp. n. is distinguished by its short cephalic sensilla (1.6-3.2 µm), tail tip with a terminal, hook-like and ventrally curved mucro, two subdorsal spines almost the half length of mucro, absence of lateral longitudinal lines, and lack of vacuolated lateral glandular bodies. C. mexicana sp. n. is distinguished by sharply pointed tip of tail without mucro or spines, absence of lateral lines, and the presence of vacuolated lateral glandular bodies. C. polonica sp. n. is distinguished by its tail terminus with ventral claw-like mucro and distinctly swollen 4-6 terminal tail annules, absence of lateral lines, and presence of vacuolated lateral glandular bodies.
Procamacolaimus dorylaimus sp. nov. is described from the Southern Atlantic (South Shetland Islands, Antarctica). The species is characterised by 3.4-3.5 mm long body; coarsely annulated cuticle without lateral field, epidermal glands and body pores absent, somatic setae present; labial sensilla papilliform, 5.5 µm long cephalic setae; amphid located anteriorly to cephalic setae bases; ocelli absent; deirid and secretory-excretory system absent; stoma 38-41 µm long, strongly cuticularised, spear-like; pharynx heavily muscularized, without radial tubules, valves and bulbs; male reproductive system diorchic; spicules 85.5 µm long, arcuate with ventrally inclined manubrium; gubernaculum complex; 12 tubular supplements, single precloacal setiform sensillum and two subventral postcloacal papilliform sensilla; female reproductive system didelphic, amphidelphic; spermatheca axial, vagina straight; tail conoid, ventrally arcuate; caudal glands present, spinneret small and weakly sclerotized. Procamacolaimus profundus Vitiello, 1974 is transferred to the genus Anguinoides whereas Paraphanolaimus granuliferus Timm, 1963 to Listia. The emended diagnosis, species lists and keys are given for Anguinoides, Procarnacolaimus and Listia.
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