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The engine of the economical growth is the continuous technical-economical progress. Regarding the future, the principle of effectiveness and tenability must be exercised. We have to be thinking about very effective developments.
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Impact of land use change on land value in Hungary

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Tracking and analysing economic and social changes in the agricultural sector is vital for decision makers, sectoral parties, professional and advocacy organisations and research institutions. Collected statistical data serve as a basis for domestic decision making and provide the foundation of strategy formulation in rural development, agro-environmental protection and sustainable agriculture. In the course of our research, analyses based on statistical databases were used to assess land use changes and land market prices. The structural survey of the Hungarian Central Statistical Office in 2013 shows that the proportion of business organisations utilising arable land grew 7 percentage points while individual farms increased their share by 2 percentage points. Our research shows that the concentration of land use increased demand for land and thus contributed to the increase in land prices.
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In the recent years, goose meat had a constantly decreasing proportion of the world’s poultry production. However, a significant amount of goose meat is produced mainly in Central Europe and Southeastern Asia. During the last decade, production greatly increased in these areas and also worldwide. China has a leading role in the world’s goose meat production. In Europe, the most significant goose meat producers are Hungary and Poland, the latter of which could greatly improve the volume of production in the recent years, thereby representing an increasingly growing competitor for Hungary. This study illustrates the international circumstances of goose production, as well as the tendencies of production and trade. In addition, RCA indexes were used to examine the comparative advantages of goose meat and meat products in the world waterfowl market in the case of the most significant producers of Europe – Hungary and Poland. Consequently, it can be concluded that the two main exporting countries have different, but significant comparative advantages in terms of various meat products.
One of the most important tasks of the National Agricultural Research and Innovation Centre Institute of Agricultural Engineering (NARIC MGI) is to annually provide information on the evolution of agricultural machine operation costs in Hungary. Therefore, the Institute – in addition to other activities – monitors and updates changes concerning agricultural machinery through the use of operational data and values of basic farms on a yearly basis. The work results in the development and publication of a booklet which best summarizes the actual cost of agricultural work performed by different machines. It contains the average performance and cost of agricultural machines and equipment calculated by expected prices, wages, and other costs. In this article, our aim is to present the main results of the observation and summarize the main conclusions of traditional and organic farms in Hungary.
International experiences show that the working of agricultural extension is provided by many kinds of sources. It is usually the state that undertakes the greatest role, and that, in the majority of cases, can be as much as 100 per cent. In recent years, however, a process has star­ted up in Western-European countries that aim at reducing government participation and the privatisation of extension systems. In the Hungarian extension system, the direction of reform year by year is opposite to this. What extent can we reach by going towards the extension supported by the state? When do those factors emerge in Hungary that is present among the Western European Countries which run in the direction of privatisation? In this paper we examine the sources utilised by extension and the reasons of the privatisation process.
In Hungarian agriculture, the fruit sector plays an important role. This sector represents a larger proportion in producing value in comparison to its taking the cultivation area, it has a notable role in employing the rural population, and in holding it in the country. In consequence of the economic-social system change, the number of the producers has increased, and the average farm-size decreased. Simultaneously, because of lack of capital and resources, which characterizes this sector too, the necessary investments were not established (putting in plantations, post-harvest activity), the earlier integrations connections were broken up. During the research I investigated the position of the producers from more directions, I looked for weak points, the elimination of which is an essential condition to each member of the sector, that it could hold its leading position after the affdiation to the EU too.
During the two decades after the transition the technical and technological development of the Hungarian agriculture was determined by the preparation for the EU accession and the adequacy to the performance and technological requirements of the new farm structure of the post-transition era. After the accession the quality based change of farm equipment was characteristic by modern, high performance units which were suitable to meet the requirements of the environmental sustainability, improving the competitive production of farms. In the small scale private farms the rollout of the old and depreciated tools were slower than the investments. This was unfavorable for the expected decrease of the average age of the farm assets. The research is based on the database of the censuses of the Hungarian Central Statistical Office.
Biomass is a readily available, renewable and environmentally friendly source of energy. Exploiting renewable organic matter for energy production is showing a growing tendency worldwide including in Hungary. Forest plantations with large numbers of plants (short rotation coppices) that provide a homogeneous, locally available raw material of various fast growing deciduous wood species are broadly supported. In our research we have investigated the financial viability of a short rotation energy forest plantation in the Kunság region of Hungary. Both the EU and Hungary provide economic incentives for the creation and propagation of bio-energy producing facilities. Our results show that the enterprise could not generate profit for the period examined without the help of such subsidies. There are several obstacles that farmers are facing such as the initial high capital outlay, technological shortcomings of the harvesting methods, high logistics costs and suppressed purchasing prices.
On a world scale, a huge concentration could be observed in viticulture and wine production during the last few decades. According to Kym Anderson [2003] the development of global wine market may be put at the 1990s. In the traditional European wine producing countries collaborations and integrations, as conditions for the safe operation of the sector, had been formed some decades before. Cooperation is necessary, because in many cases, only it can solve or mitigate the issues from global challenges. In our times assertion of interests and minimizing costs are becoming increasingly important, in which different forms of cooperation can provide great help. This study is intended to show what kind of collaborations can be noticed in the wine production of Hungary, and which form of cooperation could be the best one to manage the current professional issues. It examines how to adapt the basic principles of integrations that have achieved success abroad. The topicality of this matter is strengthened by the fact that Zsolt Feldman [2016] ranks the elaboration of inter-trade agreements, which can be the first step of cooperation by all means, amongst the most important tasks of the sector based on the FM-HNT partnership.
As a result of our ageing society, finding the right workforce and keeping it motivated successfully in the long term is becoming increasingly challenging and it is not any different in the field of agricultural research. The authors have carried out exploratory research in the subject of motivation at the workplace amongst the young researchers participating in the Researchers Recruitment Programme of the National Agricultural Research and Innovation Center. Our questions are: What social background do those who choose this scientific career path have? Which factors motivate young researchers to choose this profession and which factors discourage them? In this article, the authors seek to find the answers to these questions and reinterpret Herzberg’s theory by addressing the Y-generation agricultural researchers.
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The role of tourism in rural areas of Hungary

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Studied by many researchers, tourism has become a major income-generating sector of the economy. Tourism often creates potential and acts as an engine of local economic development for many rural areas however, it is not established in all areas. The utilization of tourism potential in rural areas is sometimes considered to be the “only and last resort” to generating economic growth, even though it is frequently not enough to solve long-lasting and serious problems existing in such areas. Thus, when developing the sector, it is necessary to examine the conditions of a given area. The aim of this study is to discover the touristic possibilities of rural areas and, with the application of certain indicators, quantify and define the long-term potentials of the sector.
The enlargement of the EU in 2004 imposed new possibilities and threats for the Central and Eastem European countries which had so far successfully protected their markets. The presenting paper tries to explore that how the agricultural foreign trade of Hungary changes in relation to the countries of the Visegrad group and what are the trends? Although the foreign trade balance is positive in total (except for Poland), the specific indices have not yet changed after the enlargement, thus the trade turn over increased by value added, has not been realized and Hungary could not develop advantageous conditions (value orientation instead of ąuantity) in the first years of integration which may have considerable competitive conseąuences.
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