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A new salamander from the late Paleocene-early Eocene of Ukraine

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Skutschas P. P., Gubin Y. M.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

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2012

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tom 57

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nr 1

A new neotenic salamander, Seminobatrachus boltyschkensis gen. et sp. nov., is described based on 14 skeletons of late Paleocene–early Eocene age preserved on drill core slabs from the Cherkassy Region, central Ukraine. The new taxon is diagnosed by the following unique combination of characters: dorsal process of premaxilla posteriorly elongate and overlaps frontal; maxilla greatly reduced in size; parietal–squamosal contact absent; vomerine tooth row long and parallel to maxillary arcade; pterygoid has long anterior process; quadrate ossified; marginal and palatal teeth pedicellate; trunk vertebrae amphicoelous, each having a subcentral keel, anterior basapophysis, and spinal nerve foramina; ribs bicipital; carpals and tarsals unossified; and phalangeal formulae of 2−2−3−2 and 2−2−3−4−2 for manus and pes, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis nests S. boltyschkensis within Urodela (i.e., crown−clade salamanders), but its exact phylogenetic position is equivocal, resolving in one of three ways: (1) in an unresolved trichotomy with Salamandra and (Ambystomatidae + (Dicamptodon + Rhyacotriton)) (results obtained in NONA v. 2.0, with the WINCLADA v. 1.00.08 interface; the parsimony ratchet (island hopper) algorithm), (2) as a sister taxon of (Salamandra + (Ambystomatidae + (Dicamptodon + Rhyacotriton))) clade (results obtained in TNT v. 1.1; the implicit enumeration search algorithm) or (3) as a sister taxon of Ambystomatidae (results obtained in PAUP v. 4.0b10; the branch−and−bound search algorithm).

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A diverse snake fauna from the early Eocene of Vastan Lignite Mine, Gujarat, India

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Rage J. C., Folie A., Rana R. S., Singh H., Rose K. D., Smith T.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

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2008

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tom 53

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nr 3

The early Eocene (Ypresian) Cambay Formation of Vastan Lignite Mine in Gujarat, western India, has produced a diverse assemblage of snakes including at least ten species that belong to the Madtsoiidae, Palaeophiidae (Palaeophis and Pterosphenus), Boidae, and several Caenophidia. Within the latter taxon, the Colubroidea are represented by Russellophis crassus sp. nov. (Russellophiidae) and by Procerophis sahnii gen. et sp. nov. Thaumastophis missiaeni gen. et sp. nov. is a caenophidian of uncertain family assignment. At least two other forms probably represent new genera and species, but they are not named; both appear to be related to the Caenophidia. The number of taxa that represent the Colubroidea or at least the Caenophidia, i.e., advanced snakes, is astonishing for the Eocene. This is consistent with the view that Asia played an important part in the early history of these taxa. The fossils come from marine and continental levels; however, no significant difference is evident between faunas from these levels. The fauna from Vastan Mine includes highly aquatic, amphibious, and terrestrial snakes. All are found in the continental levels, including the aquatic palaeophiids, whereas the marine beds yielded only two taxa. Vastan Mine is only the second locality in which the palaeophiids Palaeophis and Pterosphenus co−occur. The composition of the fauna from Vastan is on the whole similar to that of the early Eocene of Europe; however, comparisons with early Eocene faunas of other continents are not possible because they are poorly known or unknown.

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Early Eocene frogs from Vastan Lignite Mine, Gujarat, India

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Folie A., Rana R. S., Rose K. D., Sahni A., Kumar K., Singh L., Smith T.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

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2013

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tom 58

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nr 3

The Ypresian Cambay Shale Formation of Vastan Lignite Mine in Gujarat, western India, has yielded a rich vertebrate fauna, including the earliest modern mammals of the Indian subcontinent. Here we describe its assemblage of four frogs, including two new genera and species, based on numerous, diverse and well−preserved ilia and vertebrae. An abundant frog, Eobarbourula delfinoi gen. and sp. nov., with a particular vertebral articulation similar to a zygosphene−zygantrum complex, represents the oldest record of the Bombinatoridae and might have been capable of displaying the Unken reflex. The large non−fossorial pelobatid Eopelobates, known from complete skeletons from the Eocene and Oligocene of Europe, is also identified at Vastan based on a single nearly complete ilium. An abundant “ranid” and a possible rhacophorid Indorana prasadi gen. and sp. nov. represent the earliest records of both families. The Vastan pelobatids and ranids confirm an early worldwide distribution of these families, and the bombinatorids and rhacophorids show possible origins of those clades on the Indian subcontinent.

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New early Eocene tapiromorph perissodactyls from the Ghazij Formation of Pakistan, with implications for mammalian biochronology in Asia

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Missiaen P., Gingerich P. D.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

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2012

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tom 57

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nr 1

Early Eocene mammals from Indo−Pakistan have only recently come under study. Here we describe the first tapiromorph perissodactyls from the subcontinent. Gandheralophus minor gen. et sp. nov. and G. robustus sp. nov. are two species of Isectolophidae differing in size and in reduction of the anterior dentition. Gandheralophus is probably derived from a primitive isectolophid such as Orientolophus hengdongensis from the earliest Eocene of China, and may be part of a South Asian lineage that also contains Karagalax from the middle Eocene of Pakistan. Two specimens are referred to a new, unnamed species of Lophialetidae. Finally, a highly diagnostic M3 and a molar fragment are described as the new eomoropid chalicothere Litolophus ghazijensissp. nov. The perissodactyls described here, in contrast to most other mammalian groups published from the early Eocene of Indo−Pakistan, are most closely related to forms known from East and Central Asia, where Eocene tapiromorphs are diverse and biochronologically important. Our results therefore allow the first biochronological correlation between early Eocene mammal faunas in Indo−Pakistan and the rest of Asia. We suggest that the upper Ghazij Formation of Pakistan is best correlated with the middle or late part of the Bumbanian Asian Land Mammal Age, while the Kuldana and Subathu Formations of Pakistan and India are best correlated with the Arshantan Asian Land Mammal Age.

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Early Eocene birds from La Borie, southern France

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Bourdon E., Mourer-Chauvire C., Laurent Y.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

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2016

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tom 61

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nr 1

The early Eocene locality of La Borie is located in the village of Saint-Papoul, in southern France. These Eocene fluvio- lacustrine clay deposits have yielded numerous vertebrate remains. Mammalian taxa found in the fossiliferous levels indicate an age near the reference level MP 8–9, which corresponds to the middle Ypresian, early Eocene. Here we provide a detailed description of the avian remains that were preliminarily reported in a recent study of the vertebrate fauna from La Borie. A maxilla, a quadrate, cervical vertebrae, a femur and two tibiotarsi are assigned to the giant ground bird Gastornis parisiensis (Gastornithidae). These new avian remains add to the fossil record of Gastornis, which is known from the late Paleocene to middle Eocene of Europe, early Eocene of Asia and early Eocene of North America. Gastornis parisiensis differs from the North American Gastornis giganteus in several features, including the more ventral position of the narial openings and the slender orbital process of quadrate. Two tibiotarsi and one tarsometatarsus are assigned to a new genus and species of Geranoididae, Galligeranoides boriensis gen. et sp. nov. So far, this family was known only from the early and middle Eocene of North America. The fossils from La Borie constitute the first record of the Geranoididae in Europe. We show that Gastornis coexisted with the Geranoididae in the early Eocene of both Europe (La Borie) and North America (Willwood Formation). The presence of Geranoididae and the large flightless bird Gastornis on either side of the present-day North Atlantic provides further evidence that a high-latitude land connection existed between Europe and North America in the early Eocene.

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New fossil triakid sharks from the early Eocene of Premontre, France, and comments on fossil record of the family

80%

Adnet S., Cappetta H.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

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2008

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tom 53

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nr 3

During the last two decades, an abundant selachian assemblage has been collected from the late Ypresian (NP12) fossiliferous sands of Prémontré (Aisne, northern France) but has received little attention. Sharks of the family Triakidae (Carcharhiniformes) are particularly well represented and all are described and figured herein. Among them, two new species of the genus Galeorhinus are described: G. duchaussoisi sp. nov. and G. louisi sp. nov.; these are compared to the common Paleogene G. ypresiensis which is refigured. Another triakid taxon, the genus Gomphogaleus gen. nov., is described. Most of the triakids have been recorded elsewhere in the North Atlantic region, suggesting a wider distribution than expected for these small sharks during the Paleogene. The present paper updates the list of selachians from Prémontré, bringing the number of taxa from 19 to 33 (including 22 sharks and 11 batoids) and improving our knowledge of the ancient North Atlantic Ypresian selachian fauna. Despite this vastly improved record, it is clear that fossil data are still very incomplete and insufficient for calibrating phylogenetic hypotheses of living forms. Review of the Prémontré fauna shows that the Triakidae were much more diverse and broadly distributed than at present, suggesting that the limited distribution and low diversity of living forms is probably a recent phenomenon.

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A new short-legged landbird from the Early Eocene of Wyoming and contemporaneous European sites

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Mayr G., Daniels M.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

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2001

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tom 46

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nr 3

Fluvioviridavis platyrhamphus, a new genus and species of short-legged landbirds from the Lower Eocene Green fiver Formation (Wyoming, USA) is described. The taxon is known from a single, nearly complete and slightly dissociated skeleton which was made the paratype of the putative oilbird Prefica nivea Olson, 1987 (Steatornithidae, Caprimulgiformes). Apart from the greatly abbreviated tarsometatarsus, Fluvioviridavis especially corresponds to recent oilbirds in the unusually wide proximal end of the humerus. However, in other features, e.g., the shape of its much longer beak, the Eocene taxon is clearly distinguished from the recent oilbird (Steatornis). In contrast, Prefica nivea agrees with Steatornis in the shape of the mandible but differs in the much narrower proximal end of the humerus. At present, no derived character convincingly supports a classification of F. platyrhamphus into any of the higher avian taxa. The species is here classified 'order and family incertae sedis'. An isolated skull from the Middle Eocene of Messel (Hessen, Germany) is tentatively assigned to ?Fluvioviridavis sp., and associated bones from the Lower Eocene London Clay of Walton-on-the-Naze (Essex, England) might also be related to the genus Fluvioviridavis.

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Crustacean burrows from Upper Maastrichtian deposits of South-Central Cuba

80%

Pszczolkowski A.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Earth Sciences

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2002

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tom 50

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nr 2

9

New and poorly known fossil Coniopterygidae in Cretaceous and Cenozoic ambers [Insecta: Neuroptera]

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Nel A., Perrichot V., Azar D.

Annales Zoologici

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2005

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tom 55

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nr 1

The new genus and species Alboconis cretacica (oldest known Aleuropteryginae: Fontenelleini) and the coniopterygine new genus and species Gallosemidalis eocenica, are described, respectively from a late Albian and an early Eocene French amber. From Lebanese amber, the early Cretaceous Aleuropteryginae Libanoconis fadiacra (Whalley, 1980) is refigured and discussed.

10

Petrosal and cranial vascular system of the early Eocene palaeoryctid mammal Eoryctes melanus from northwestern Wyoming, USA

71%

Wible J. R.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

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2022

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tom 67

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nr 1

Ograniczanie wyników

A new salamander from the late Paleocene-early Eocene of Ukraine

A diverse snake fauna from the early Eocene of Vastan Lignite Mine, Gujarat, India

Early Eocene frogs from Vastan Lignite Mine, Gujarat, India

New early Eocene tapiromorph perissodactyls from the Ghazij Formation of Pakistan, with implications for mammalian biochronology in Asia

Early Eocene birds from La Borie, southern France

New fossil triakid sharks from the early Eocene of Premontre, France, and comments on fossil record of the family

A new short-legged landbird from the Early Eocene of Wyoming and contemporaneous European sites

Crustacean burrows from Upper Maastrichtian deposits of South-Central Cuba

New and poorly known fossil Coniopterygidae in Cretaceous and Cenozoic ambers [Insecta: Neuroptera]

Petrosal and cranial vascular system of the early Eocene palaeoryctid mammal Eoryctes melanus from northwestern Wyoming, USA