Fertilization of plants with ammonium nitrogen form leads to the soil acidification. Leguminous plants with higher requirements of basic cations, acidify soil quicker than other plants such as, e.g., of the Gramineae family. These relationships were confirmed in the pot experiments with broad bean and maize. In the present experiment the effect of fertilization with different nitrogen forms on yield and pH value of soil was investigated. It has been found that the application of ammonium sulphate with a nitrification inhibitor results in a significant increase of the pH value of soil under broad bean. It can be presumed that this effect would be caused by physiologically basic reaction of ammonium sulphate due to the blockade of nitrification and to a more intensive utilization of sulphur ions by broad bean as compared to ammonium ions.
The quality of land development has an impact on quality of life. For better state of inhabitants the land management process should contribute to social and economic development, taking care of the environment and tradition of a place. Consequently, in such well-developed places we will find spatial order. This multidimensional phenomenon is described by the polish law in the Spatial Planning and Land Development Act of 27 March 2003. Spatial order includes the environmental, socio-economic, cultural, functional and aesthetic aspects of some areas. This article presents a new methodological approach to the assessment of spatial order at the local level. As a method, we propose the multidimensional comparative analysis. This method allows for calculating the value of spatial order composite index, creating the ranking of communities, choosing the benchmark units and comparing the studied objects. The research area includes 110 urban and rural communities of southwestern Poland. The state of spatial order for 2009 and 2013 was studied. The obtained results show differentiation of the level of spatial order and disproportions between the rural and urban communities.