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1

The impact of founder events and introductions on genetic variation in the muskox Ovibos moschatus in Sweden

100%
Thulin C.-G., Englund L., Ericsson G., Spong G.
Acta Theriologica
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2011
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tom 56
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nr 4
The muskox Ovibos moschatus (Zimmerman 1780) is a specialised arctic mammal with a highly fragmented circumpolar distribution, with native populations in Canada and east Greenland and introduced populations in west Greenland, Alaska, Siberia and Eurasia. In 1971, five O. moschatus individuals from an introduced population in Norway migrated to Sweden. After a peak population of 36 individuals in the mid-1980s, the Swedish population now numbers seven individuals, making it vulnerable to both demographic and genetic stochasticity (i.e. inbreeding). Here, we analyse genetic variation among native and introduced populations of O. moschatus to evaluate the genetic effect of sequential founder events in this species. Our results show that genetic variation among native and introduced O. moschatus populations do not conform entirely to the expectations from sequential founder events, most likely because of random processes associated with introduction. In the Swedish population, a calf resulting from the mating of a wild cow and a captive Greenlandic bull contributes significantly to the current genetic variation. Thus, even a single outbreeding event may, at least momentarily, increase the genetic variation and potentially prevent inbreeding depression. Our results should aid the long-term preservation of O. moschatus in Sweden and Europe.
2

Effects of weather, season, and daylight on female wild boar movement

100%
Thurfjell H., Spong G., Ericsson G.
Acta Theriologica
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2014
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tom 59
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nr 3
Animals often modify their behavior to reduce the effects of adverse weather conditions. By studying wild boar equipped with the Global Positioning System (GPS) collars, we explored the effects of weather conditions on movement and activity patterns across seasons. We found that the most prevailing strategy for wild boar exposed to stressful weather conditions is to reduce movement. Wild boar thus decreased movement at low temperatures and in precipitation during winter. We also found that wild boar increased movement in late summer, and with precipitation during late summer, despite higher food availability and facilitated foraging by the rain. We also confirm previous results that snow depth reduces movement of wild boar, likely by making movements more energetically costly.
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