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1

Soil and groundwater contamination as a result of sewage sludge land application

100%
Luczkiewicz A.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
2006
|
tom 15
|
nr 6
The leaching of chemical compounds (NNO3, NNH4, Norg, PpO4 and Ptot) and trace elements (Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Zn, and Pb) from sewage sludge and their migration through the soil profile is the subject of this study. The column experiments were carried out under atmospheric conditions corresponding to natu­rally occurring storm events - sewage sludge amended soil was irrigated with high rates of water. The column filter media used in the laboratory tests were similar to the soils present in degraded areas: coal fly ash (FA), coarse grained sand (CGS) and medium grained sand (MGS). Sewage sludge was applied on the top of each column in the quantity corresponding to the best land reclamation practice. The data obtained in the experiments showed the dynamics of chemical compounds' leaching from the sewage sludge and their further transport through the column beds to the effluents. It was discovered that ni­trogen compounds, such as nitrate (NNO3) and ammonium (N ), as well as some heavy metals (Ni and Cd) - originating from the sewage sludge - can reach deeper than 0.8 m and cause the contamination of potential shallow aquifers.
2

Soil and groundwater fecal contamination as a result of sewage sludge land application

63%
Luczkiewicz A., Quant B.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
2007
|
tom 16
|
nr 4
587-593
The release of sludge-born bacteria and their further subsurface transport was studied. The migration of bacteria was investigated in column experiments which were carried out under the conditions correspond­ing to naturally occurring extreme rainfall. Coal fly ash as well as coarse and medium grained sand, whose properties are similar to the soils present in degraded areas, were used as column beds. Sewage sludge was applied on the top of column beds in the quantity corresponding to the best land-reclamation practice. Clos­tridium perfringens and fecal coliforms were used as bio-tracers of fecal pollution. The obtained results showed the dynamic of bacterial cells' leaching from the sludge matrix, and the dynamic of their infiltration through the column beds to the effluents. The bacterial breakthrough curves obtained for the fly ash and for the sandy media differ significantly, reflecting the differences in transport processes and in the survival of bacterial cells. It has been found that the fly ash layer, whose thickness equals 0.80 m, can be regarded as an effective filter, which limits bacterial migration. When sludge is applied to the sandy soils, about 0.02% of the initial number of sludge bacteria can migrate downwards the sandy layer and can cause contamination of potentially shallow aquifers.
3

Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility of fecal coliforms isolated from surface water

51%
Luczkiewicz A., Jankowska K., Kurlenda J., Olanczuk-Neyman K.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
2011
|
tom 20
|
nr 4
Of 274 fecal coliforms isolated from two watercourses influencing the costal water quality of the Gdańsk and Puck bays, 265 were identified as Escherichia coli. The remained strains belonged to: Acinetobacter spp. (n=1), Enterobacter spp. (n=3), Klebsiella spp. (n=4), and Shigella spp. (n=1). The susceptibility of 222 E. coli was tested against 19 antimicrobial agents: aminoglycosides, carbapenems, cephalosporines, folate antagonists, fluoroquinolones, monobactam, penicillins, penicillins/β-lactamase inhibitors, and tetracycline. The highest number of isolates was resistant to penicillins (ampicillin 21% and piperacillin 14%), as well as to tetracycline (16%). Up to 19% of E. coli isolates were resistant to 3 or more of the analyzed antimicrobial agents, and 9% were regarded as multiple-antibiotic-resistant (MAR) strains. Two of the analyzed isolates were regarded as extended-spectrum β-lactamase – producing strains.
4

Detection of sulfonamide resistance genes via in situ PCR-FISH

39%
Gnida A., Kunda K., Ziembinska A., Luczkiewicz A., Felis E., Surmacz-Gorska J.
Polish Journal of Microbiology
|
2014
|
tom 63
|
nr 2
Due to the rising use of antibiotics and as a consequence of their concentration in the environment an increasing number of antibiotic resistant bacteria is observed. The phenomenon has a hazardous impact on human and animal life. Sulfamethoxazole is one of thesulfonamides commonly detected in surface waters and soil. The aim of the study was to detect sulfamethoxazole resistance genes inactivated sludge biocenosis by use of in situ PCR and/or hybridization. So far no FISH probes for the detection of SMX resistance genes have been described in the literature. We have tested common PCR primers used for SMX resistance genes detection as FISH probes as well as a combination of in situ PCR and FISH. Despite the presence of SMX resistance genes in activated sludge confirmed via traditional PCR, the detection of the genes via microscopic visualization failed.
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