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The study was carried out in 2015 in the experimental orchard of the Agropodrinje apple introduction centre in the Gorazde area. The impact of different methods of calcium fertilizer application on fruit quality and calcium content in the ‘Idared’ fruit of an 8-year-old apple tree were studied. Fruit mineral composition and quality parameters were estimated after harvest. Calcium fertilizers used in this research were Folifertil-Ca, calcium-ammonium nitrate (CAN), and calcium oxide (CaO). Folifertil-Ca was applied through leaves, and CaO and CAN were applied through soil. The method of application where CAN was applied in combination with Folifertil-Ca significantly increased the accumulation of Ca in apple leaves and fruits. Also, this method of calcium fertilizer application had the greatest impact on apple fruit firmness increase. In the present study sugar content and acidity of apple fruit did not differ significantly, regardless of the application method of calcium fertilizers. The results of this study support the fact that the Ca uptake by plant roots and its transport to leaves and fruits are directly affected by a plant’s transpiration rate. This fact suggests that in apple cultivation is better if calcium fertilizers applied through soil or in combination with foliage treatment.
Different agro-technical measures are used in growing apples and fruit crops in general in an attempt to increase the rate of photosynthesis and, hence, both the quantitative and qualitative value of the fruit. Very rapid and effective results in terms of an increase in the above parameters can be achieved through adequate fertilization adapted to plant requirements. Fertilization can substantially alter and disrupt the course of plant development if fertilizers are inadequately applied, regardless of the adequately pre-determined plant nutrient requirements. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of four different types of fertilization on the pigment and antioxidant content of apple cv. Idared (Malus domestica cv. Idared) grown in orchards in the municipality of Gradačac. The results obtained show that fertigation and foliar fertilization induced the statistically highest increase in the test parameters. These types of fertilization, if adequately employed, provide nutrition to plants according to their requirements at a specific phenostage, leading to increased yields and enhanced fruit quality, and indirectly reducing nutrient leaching from soils – a frequent accompanying manifestation of other fertilization types.
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