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1
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The influence of botulinum toxin type A (BTX) on the immunohistochemical characteristics of noradrenergic and cholinergic nerve fibres supplying the porcine urinary bladder wall

100%
Lepiarczyk E., Bossowska A., Kaleczyc J., Majewski M.
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
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2011
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tom 14
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nr 2
Botulinum toxin (BTX) belongs to a family of neurotoxins which strongly influence the function of autonomic neurons supplying the urinary bladder. Accordingly, BTX has been used as an effective drug in experimental therapies of a range of neurogenic bladder disorders. However, there is no detailed information dealing with the influence of BTX on the morphological and chemical properties of nerve fibres supplying the urinary bladder wall. Therefore, the present study investigated, using double-labeling immunohistochemistry, the distribution, relative frequency and chemical coding of cholinergic and noradrenergic nerve fibers supplying the wall of the urinary bladder in normal female pigs (n=6) and in the pigs (n=6) after intravesical BTX injections. In the pigs injected with BTX, the number of adrenergic (DβH-positive) nerve fibers distributed in the bladder wall (urothelium, submucosa and muscle coat) was distinctly higher while the number of cholinergic (VAChT-positive) nerve terminals was lower than that found in the control animals. Moreover, the injections of BTX resulted in some changes dealing with the chemical coding of the adrenergic nerve fibers. In contrast to the normal pigs, in BTX injected animals the number of DβH/NPY- or DβH/CGRP-positive axons was higher in the muscle coat, and some fibres distributed in the urothelium and submucosa expressed immunoreactivity to CGRP. The results obtained suggest that the therapeutic effects of BTX on the urinary bladder might be dependent on changes in the distribution and chemical coding of nerve fibers supplying this organ.
2
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Overview of the role of vitamins and minerals on the kynurenine pathway in health and disease

88%
Majewski M., Kozlowska A., Thoene M., Lepiarczyk E., Grzegorzewski W. J.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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2016
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tom 67
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nr 1
3
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The influence of resiniferatoxin on the chemical coding of caudal mesenteric ganglion neurons supplying the urinary bladder in the pig

76%
Lepiarczyk E., Dudek A., Kaleczyc J., Majewski M., Markiewicz W., Radziszewski P., Bossowska A.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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2016
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tom 67
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nr 4
4
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The influence of doxazosin on the contractility of the urinary bladder in female pigs with experimentally induced cystitis

76%
Markiewicz W., Bossowska A., Lepiarczyk E., Majewska M., Radziszewski P., Wisniewska A., Jaroszewski J. J.
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
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2017
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tom 20
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nr 3
The present in vitro study investigated the influence of doxazosin on the contractility of the urinary bladder in female pigs with experimentally induced cystitis. Fifteen juvenile female piglets (18-20 kg body weight) were randomly assigned into three groups (n=5 animals each): i) control (clinically healthy animals, without doxazosin treatment), ii) animals with induced inflammation of the urinary bladder, but without doxazosin treatment (experimental group I) and iii) animals with inflamed bladder, treated orally with doxazosin (0.1 mg/kg body weight for 30 days; experimental group II). Thereafter, the pigs were sacrificed and strips of the bladder trigone were suspended in organ baths. The tension and amplitude of the smooth muscles was measured before and after exposition to 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; 10⁻⁶-10⁻⁴ M), acetylocholine (ACh; 10⁻⁵-10⁻³ M) and norepinephrine (NE; 10⁻⁹-10⁻⁷ M). 5-HT caused an increase in the tension of contractions in all the groups and the amplitude in the experimental groups, however, the effect was higher in the experimental group I than in group II as compared to that found in the pre-treatment period. ACh caused an increase in the tension in the control group and a decrease in the amplitude in both experimental groups; these changes significantly differed between the control and doxazosin-treated group. NE caused a decrease in the tension in both experimental groups and amplitude in all the groups, however, the effect was most strongly expressed in doxazosine-treated group. The present study has revealed that long-term administration of doxazosin causes a desensitization of the detrusor smooth muscle to in vitro applied mediators in the autonomic nervous system.
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