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The aim of the study was to comparison of food selectivity of the European beaver (Castor fiber) occurring in the area Lubaczów and Chotyłów Forest Districts. Analyzed percentage distribution of damaged trees in relation to their species and diameter at the chewing site, correlations between the diameter of damaged trees and their distance from beavers’ lodges, and correlations between the number of damaged trees and the hardness of the wood of the tree species. Two peaks of beavers’ activity were noted in the analysed period (from October 2016 to May 2017), i.e. in October and November when the animals prepared for the winter and stored food, and in January and February when winter stocks are over and vegetation has not started and no herbaceous vegetation. The aspen poplar (Populus tremula) was mostly preferred by the rodents (59%), especially in the Lubaczów Forest District, whereas the bird cherry, alder, or willow species (25%) were most frequently chosen by the rodents in the Chotyłów Forest District. The observations also revealed that a majority of the chewed trees (36%) had a diameter of 21–30 cm, but these preferences differed between the study areas. In the Lubaczów Forest District, beavers damaged trees with a larger diameter, compared to those in the Chotyłów Forest District, and the difference was statistically significant (t = 5.560; p = 0.000). The relationship between the number of damaged trees and the hardness of wood of the tree species was inversely proportional and negative but statistically insignificant (r = -0.4). There was a similar statistically insignificant (r = 0.47) correlation between the diameter of the damaged trees and their distance from beavers’ lodges. The diameter of damaged trees decreased with the increasing distance from the lodges
Animal assisted therapy has a positive effect on many human diseases. It facilitates recovery from disturbances in mental and physical health. Scientifically demonstrated positive animal impact on people has resulted in more and more new species of animals being introduced to the therapy. Among them there has been the cat. Thus feline therapy appeared. Contact with this animal is pleasant: it is not a kind of painful rehabilitation. The presence of a cat improves the mood and reduces the feeling of loneliness. A person taking part in the therapy is stimulated to act and take on various forms of activity, such as playing with the pet, feeding it, etc. so they receive a lot of positive stimuli. Physical contact with a cat stimulates the human body to secrete endorphins, lowers blood pressure, blood triglycerides and cholesterol in the blood, it also stimulates the immune system to action. However, years of research and observation have shown that although animals support the treatment of diseases, not every animal can be favorably received by the person with impaired health. Therefore, the therapy must be chosen so that the patient does not fear an animal or experience psychological discomfort. Feline therapy may constitute a good alternative, for example, for dog therapy. The use of feline therapy in therapeutic programs in nursing homes, orphanages, care centers, kindergartens, schools, hospitals, hospices obtains positive results, and its application in closed institutions (prisons, substance abuse treatment centers) supports the rehabilitation of inmates. Nevertheless one must not forget that feline therapy, similarly as therapy using other animals, is only a complement to traditional treatment and cannot replace rehabilitation.
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