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1

Nutrient removal by chemical post treatment with lime following the biological stage

100%
Mazlum N., Ikizoglu B.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
2018
|
tom 27
|
nr 3
The present study aimed the cost-effective removal of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients, along with organic matter, from biologically pretreated domestic wastewater by chemical post-treatment. To achieve this objective, following the secondary settling biologically pretreated wastewater was subjected to chemical treatment by lime. And thereby we aimed to decrease phosphate, ammonium, and COD concentrations to low levels in the final effluent. Sewage wastewater was fed into the activated sludge aeration column on a continuous-flow basis. Effluent was withdrawn from the side of the tank with a pump that helped operate the biological stage at a constant hydraulic retention rate under four different flowrate operations. The hydraulic retention time-controlled operation resulted in an almost constant sludge-age operation. This operation avoided nitrification, while the applied retention time was sufficient to convert nitrogen and phosphorus in the raw wastewater into ammonium and orthophosphate forms, respectively, in the biological stage. Following the secondary settling, lime was added to the supernatant and pH was increased to 10.5. Ammonia nitrogen was removed by air stripping, and removal of phosphate was achieved with chemical precipitation. Applied post chemical treatment by lime also helped decrease the supernatant organic matter content.
2

Determination of pollution and heavy metal fractions in golden horn sediment sludge (Istanbul, Turkey)

80%
Kanat G., Ikizoglu B., Erguven G. O., Akgun B.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
2018
|
tom 27
|
nr 6
In our study we studied pollution and heavy metal fractions in the Golden Horn (Istanbul, Turkey). This area has been exposed to domestic and industrial pollution for many years. Concentrations of Zn, Cr, Cu, Pb, Cd, and Ni heavy metals were determined in the study that was conducted to monitor the current state of pollution and changing conditions in the polluted estuary. Mean heavy metal concentrations were found as: Zn 70-260, Cr 26-110, Cu 70-135, Pb 8-50, Cd 0.1-2, and Ni 10-38 mg/ kg. Results of the analysis showed that metal concentrations were usually low, indicating that the sediment was not too polluted in the present case. The range of ratios, different fractions of metal concentrations, and total metal concentrations in the samples were critical for potential toxicity and mobility of metals. Results of the analysis showed that heavy metal fractions in the sediment were usually found in residual forms. The values obtained in the study were also compared with the literature. It was found that surface sediments in the Golden Horn were less polluted than other areas. Establishment of sewer collectors and wastewater treatment plants has improved the heavy metal levels in the sediment.
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