Agricultural space consists of land with its infrastructure, water resources, atmosphere and climatic conditions, which determine the conditions for agricultural activities. The human being is the subject of the space. This paper discussed some interdisciplinary problems of agricultural space considering lack of possibilities, not only in Poland, of full using production potential and labor resources. The problems encountered are choosing intensity level of agricultural space usage, changes in ways of agricultural land utilization, consolidation of farm fields and forests, the role of water retention on small rivers and protection of environment against degradation. Intensities of land use and animal husbandry are controlled by marginal profitability of inputs. However, a threshold set by ecological premises certainly lies below that level. Knowledge and biological progress are of increasing importance in this case. In the situation of farms, fragmentation even the high profitability of production does not ensure utilization of labor resources as well as achieving the income fulfilling needs of farmers' families. The scientific community's work on the issue of rural areas and agriculture ought to take into consideration the aspects of social development and managing the agricultural space.
The advances in genetics and biotechnology supported with the development of technology (including computer technology in particular), provide the agriculture with the possibilities of basic transformation in its development, organization and economics - the transformation not perceived over ten years ago. Reflections about the changes or even the turn point in agriculture are affiliated with Ryszard Manteuffel 's deliberations on its sense and development. The peculiar overlapping of automated technology over the automatics of biological processes increases the opportunities for studying their condition and interfering in their course. As the result the amount of physical work and the concentration of agricultural output will decrease. The agriculture will be connected with food-processing and trade. This may lead to the lesser importance of agricultural farms whereas the plantations and breeding farms will play the more vital part. This is why the science connected with agricultural studies should concentrate on the task of the diagnosis of biological processes conductive to rational exploitation of space. This diagnosis is indispensable in our considerations over the choice of policy directions in social sphere, so strongly bound nowadays in Poland with the agriculture.