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1

Modifications of antioxidant activity and protein composition of bean leaf due to Bean yellow mosaic virus infection and salicylic acid treatments

100%
Radwan D. E. M., Fayez K. A., Mahmoud S. Y., Lu G.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2010
|
tom 32
|
nr 5
The antioxidant status as well as protein composition of faba bean leaves infected with Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) and the effect of salicylic acid application was examined in this paper. Some modifications in the antioxidant status were observed by changing some antioxidant enzymes activities and contents of antioxidant metabolites. BYMV-infected leaves revealed POD, CAT, APX and SOD induced activities while SA treatments could inhibit POD, CAT activities but induced SOD activity. The enzyme activities seemed to be SA concentration dependant. Higher H₂O₂ and MDA concentrations were recorded in virus-infected leaves than those of the corresponding controls while treatment with SA followed by virus inoculation caused lowering of MDA concentration and reducing the damage due to lipid peroxidation. Moreover, because of virus infection and/or SA treatments, an increase in the amounts of phenolics and flavonoids was noticed. As compared to the control, BYMV infection or SA application caused pronounced increase in the antioxidant activity of leaf extracts detected by DPPH assay, indicating an increase in the amounts of antioxidant compounds occurred. To test the protein composition, the contents of each protein fractions (soluble, insoluble and total) were analyzed and the change in protein patterns was visualized using SDS-PAGE. The BYMV-infected bean leaves had protein contents higher than the control indicating accumulation of pathogenesis-related proteins. Moreover, spraying SA with or without virus inoculation could accumulate soluble, insoluble and total proteins and the pattern of increase was in accordance with SA concentration. Alterations in protein patterns were observed in faba bean leaves (Vicia faba cv Giza 461) in response to BYMV infection and SA treatments. Because of BYMV infection and SA treatments, the protein profiles showed new bands in comparison to the control. Some polypeptides were highly accumulated in treatments of SA followed by virus inoculation. Changing antioxidant status and accumulation of some antioxidant metabolites as well as the pronounced alterations in the protein composition indicate a kind of plant response against pathogen invasion and in case of SA treatment it is considered a way by which a defence response was initiated and/or activated.
2

Interactive effects of copper, fluorene, and fluoranthene on enzymatic biomarkers and metallothionein levels in crucian carp (Carassius auratus)

100%
Lu G., Wu H., Ding J.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
2018
|
tom 27
|
nr 1
To evaluate potential interactive effects of metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on biomarker responses, groups of the freshwater fish crucian carp (Carassius auratus) were exposed to single and binary combinations of copper (Cu) (0.01-0.16 mg L-1) with fluorene (Fl) or fluoranthene (Fluo) (2-10 mg kg⁻¹) for 96 h. Dose-dependent increases in the activities of phases I and II metabolic enzymes [7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST), respectively] were observed in fish liver exposed to Fl and Fluo, but these enzyme activities did not differ significantly from the controls when co-treated with higher concentrations of Cu, suggesting an inhibiting interaction on the metabolic enzymes. Although Cu did not alter catalase (CAT) activity, CAT activity was decreased in fish liver exposed to the two PAHs alone or in combination with Cu. Although metallothionein (MT) content in gills was significantly increased following exposure to Cu alone or in combination with Fl and Fluo, the induction folds of MT decreased under co-exposure. Co-exposures to these chemicals invoked complex biomarker responses in fish liver and gills. These results highlight the need for careful consideration of the interactive effects of multiple environmental stressors on fish.
3

Mapping QTLs for root morphological traits in Brassica rapa L. based on AFLP and RAPD markers

88%
Lu G., Cao J., Yu X., Xiang X., Chen H.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2008
|
tom 49
|
nr 1
23-31
Root growth and thickening plays a key role in the final productivity and even the quality of storage roots in root crops. This study was conducted to identify and map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting root morphological traits in Brassica rapa by using molecular markers. An F₂ population was developed from a cross between Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis) and turnip (B. rapa ssp. rapifera), which differed greatly in root characters. A genetic map covering 1837.1 cM, with 192 marker loci and 11 linkage groups, was constructed by using this F₂ population. The F₃ families derived from F₂ plants were grown in the field and evaluated for taproot traits (thickness, length, and weight). QTL analysis via simple interval mapping detected 18 QTLs for the 3 root traits, including 7 QTLs for taproot thickness, 5 QTLs for taproot length, and 6 QTLs for taproot weight. Individually, the QTLs accounted for 8.4-27.4% of the phenotypic variation. The 2 major QTLs, qTRT4b for taproot thickness and qTRW4 for taproot weight, explained 27.4% and 24.8% of the total phenotypic variance, respectively. The QTLs for root traits, firstly detected in Brassica crops, may provide a basis for marker-assisted selection to improve productivity in root-crop breeding.
4

Coexistence of Rhinolophus affinis and Rhinolophus pearsoni revisited

88%
Jiang T., Lu G., Sun K., Luo J., Feng J.
Acta Theriologica
|
2013
|
tom 58
|
nr 1
The investigation of mechanism of species coexistence promotes understanding of the mechanistic processes behind community ecology and ecosystem functions. Niche theory declares that species coexistence within a community must partition the resources of their environment. Two sympatric and morphologically similar bat species, Rhinolophus affinis and Rhinolophus pearsoni, provided a unique opportunity to test the causal mechanism of coexistence. Previous study showed that their coexistence was promoted not by the trophic and spatial niche differentiation but the relatively high abundance of prey resources, which was not in accord with the prediction of niche theory. Here, therefore, we reanalyzed the dietary composition by fecal analysis and surveyed the feeding time of both species. Our results showed that R. affinis and R. pearsoni hunt mainly mostly on Coleoptera and Lepidoptera, and there was a very high overlap (0.84) of trophic niche between the two species. However, significant difference in the duration of the activity period between both species was detected, which illustrated that temporal partitioning of prey resource use facilitated their coexistence. Additionally, our work highlighted the importance of integration of the traditional methods and next-generation sequencing methods for identifying dietary composition of carnivores, and suggested that ongoing studies of species coexistence must consider simultaneously multiple niche axes.
5

Interactive effects of BDE-153 and its metabolite 2,4-DBP on biochemical status in crucian carp (Carassius auratus)

88%
Lu G., Liu J., Zhang F., Nkoom M., Wu D.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
2018
|
tom 27
|
nr 3
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), which belong to the class of brominated flame-retardants, are widely used in industrial products. PBDEs have been detected in varied environmental matrices and they can induce various toxicities such as neurotoxicity, cytotoxicity, and endocrine-disrupting effects in animals. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of 2,2’,4,4’,5,5’-hexabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-153), 2,4-dibromophenol (2,4-DBP), and their mixtures on the endocrine system, including acetylcholinesterase (AChE) of brain, ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) of liver in crucian carp (Carassius auratus). Fish were exposed to BDE-153 (0.2-100 mg/kg in food), 2,4-DBP (0.2-100 mg/kg in food), and their mixture for seven days. BDE-153 alone or in combination with 2,4-DBP significantly reduced brain AChE activity and increased liver EROD activity while no significant effects were observed for 2,4-DBP alone. The simultaneously elevated GST and SOD activities were found at higher doses of BDE-153 and 2,4-DBP (alone and in combination), and exhibited obvious positive correlation (0.76
6

Bioinformatics analysis and expression of a novel protein ROP48 in Toxoplasma gondii

64%
Zhou J., Wang L., Zho A., Lu G., Li Q., Wang Z., Zhu M., Zhou H., Cong H., He S.
Acta Parasitologica
|
2016
|
tom 61
|
nr 2
7

Exogenous melatonin alleviates damage from drought stress in Brassica napus L. (rapeseed) seedlings

64%
Li J., Zeng L., Cheng Y., Lu G., Fu G., Ma H., Liu Q., Zhang X., Zou X., Li C.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2018
|
tom 40
|
nr 03
8

Effect of plant growth regulators, temperature and sucrose on shoot proliferation from the stem discs of Chinese jiaotou (Allium chinese) and in vitro bulblet formation

64%
Xu Z., Um Y.-C., Kim C.-H., Lu G., Guo D.-P., Liu H.-L., Bah A. A., Mao A.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2008
|
tom 30
|
nr 4
In vitro shoot proliferation from stem disc of Allium chinense, a vegetatively propagated plant, was investigated in this experiment. In the present study, shoots were formed directly on stem discs on a medium containing 1 mg/l N⁶-benzyladenine (BA) and 0.5 mg/lα-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). These shoots were further cultured on MS media supplemented with various levels of BA in combination with NAA, and new shoot clusters developed easily from the explants cultured despite considerable differences in the induction of shoot clusters with different levels of BA and NAA. The most productive combination of growth regulators proved to be 1.0 mg/l BA and 1.0 mg/l NAA, in which about 17 shoots were produced per cluster in 8 weeks culture. Most of the formed shoots were rooted 15 days after being cultured on MS media supplemented with 0.1–1.0 mg/l NAA. The survival rate of the plantlets under ex vitro conditions was 95% in pots filled with a peat: sand (2:1 v/v) mixture after two weeks. In vitro bulblet formation were strongly promoted by the high temperature of 30℃ compared to that at 25℃, 20℃ and 15℃, and 12% (w/v) sucrose appeared to be optimal for bulblet development. Results from this study demonstrated that A. chinense could be in vitro propagated by using stem discs and in vitro bulblet formation could be achieved.
9

Structural predication and antigenic analysis of Toxoplasma gondii ROP20

52%
Zhou J., Wang W., Song P., Wang L., Han Y., Guo J., Hao Z., Zhu X., Zhou Q., Du X., Lu G., He S., Luo Y.
Acta Parasitologica
|
2018
|
tom 63
|
nr 2
10

Structural and antigenic analysis of a new Rhoptry Pseudokinase Gene (ROP54) in Toxoplasma gondii

52%
Zhou J., Lu G., Wang L., Zhou A. H., Han Y. L., Guo J. J., Song P. X., Zhou H. Y., Cong H., Hou M., He S. Y.
Acta Parasitologica
|
2017
|
tom 62
|
nr 3
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