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The objective of this study was to determine the effect of increased concentration of BHBA in the blood in high-yielding cows on fatty acid concentrations in milk fat in first month of lactation. The milk fatty acid profiles of cows classified as healthy (n = 33) or as cows with increased concentration of BHBA (iBHBA) (n = 9) based on a blood plasma β-hydroxybutyrate threshold concentration of 1.2 mmol/l were compared. The increased concentration of BHBA decreased milk yield (by 1176 kg on average in 305-days of lactation) had a negative effect on the milk fatty acid profile and the health benefits delivered by fatty acids. Increased concentration of BHBA contributed to a decrease in the conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content of milk fat, a less desirable n-6/n-3 ratio, and an increase in the concentrations of unsaturated fatty acids, in particular oleic acid.
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of parity on the fatty acid profile of milk from 42 high-yielding cows, including 15 primiparous cows, 15 cows in their second lactation and 12 cows in their third lactation. Milk yield was evaluated and milk samples (462 in total) were collected between lactation days 6 and 60, at five-day intervals. The concentrations of 43 fatty acids were determined by gas chromatography in extracted fat. Cows in their third lactation were characterized by the highest milk yield – over 305-day lactation, they produced 13,160 kg of milk on average. Milk from primiparous cows had the most desirable fatty acid profile. It contained more (by ca. 12–17%) n-3 fatty acids and less (by 2.89–5.46%) fatty acids that adversely affect human health, compared with the other groups. Among essential fatty acids, differences were noted with respect to CLA (+9.5–9.8%), LNA (+12.7–18.7%) and DHA (+21–23%) to the advantage of the milk fat of primiparous cows.
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