The author describes mainly on basis of his own studies, antagonistic interrelationships between the thyroid gland activity and the action of extrahypophyseal gonadotropins (PMSG, hCG) on ovaries in experimental (rats) and domestic animals (sheep, pigs). Hypothyroidism intensifies the action of gonadotropins on ovaries, thus increasing their activity as evidenced by the increase of ovarian weight, number of vesicles and by development of multiple vesicular cysts (PCO syndrome in women, rats, cattle and pigs). In hiperthyroidism these situations are absent or their development is resticted. In hypothyroidic animals an increased sensitivity of ovaries to the action of gonadotropins may result from an increased production of receptors for LH/hCS in ovaries and the decrease of their production in hiperthyroidic animals. Thyreotropic action of gonadotropins stated by the author has been confirmed lately. This activity in women in the first trimester of pregnancy is caused by certain isoforms of chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). The presented study points to a significant role of the functioning of the thyroid gland in the development of vesicular cysts in ovaries of women, rats, cattle and pigs.
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