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The problem of allocating round wood to meet the needs of fragmented (approximately 8200 business entities), and mostly very diversified (2200 recipients – buy 1% of wood; 50 recipients – use 50% of wood that comes from National Forests) Polish wood industry and commercial energy sector – in order to generate „green” energy and heat, in accordance with the EU requirements and the Ministry of Economy Directives concerning the amount of electric energy generated from renewable energy sources (RES) has been analysed.
The increase in interest in firewood, wooden residue and post production byproducts and timber fuels has been generated by growing ecological awareness of the society as well as conventional energy sources price rise. In recent years ever more significance has been gained by pellet due to high stability and the possibility of automation of co-firing process. Development prospects of that thoroughly modern ecological fuel to a large extend are conditioned by price of heat unit generated from it. In the article pellet price analysis on the domestic market between 2004 and 2010 has been carried out as well as increase in prices of other energy sources in the period between 2001 and 2010 have been presented. Following the calculation of useful exploitation cost of heat unit derived from various fuels profitability of their usage in relation to pellet has been determined.
The result of European legal regulations concerning national promotion of energy produced from renewable source in all EU Member States was the introduction in Poland adequate acts to fulfill Community obligations. The article presents European legal documents which indicate objectives and rules of energy policy accounting for renewable energy sources as well as Polish legal regulations concerning renewables including appropriate directives ensuring efficient law implementation.
During the research various factors conditioning the changes in prices of sawmill by-products: price of sawmill raw material, seasonality of demand and supply, inflation, euro rate as well as general climate and economic situation in industry. Also the fact of Polish accession to the European Union has been taken into consideration and the implementation of rules concerning the production of renewable energy forcing onto energy sector the obligation for co-firing biomass with other fuels.
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