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1
Content available remote

Leptin and age-related down-regulation of lipogenic enzymes genes expression in rat white adipose tissue

100%
Swierczynski J.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement
|
2006
|
tom 57
|
nr 6
85-102
The age-related inverse relationship between gene expression of lipogenic enzymes and leptin gene expression as well as inhibitory effect of leptin on lipogenic enzyme’s gene expression suggests that leptin could be responsible in part for the low rate of lipogenesis in white adipose (WAT) of old rats. Based on the data published recently we propose a model for the direct inhibitory effect of leptin on lipogenesis. This model may explain the age-related decrease of lipogenic activity in WAT. It is likely that despite of higher concentration of noradrenaline (which inhibits leptin gene expression in WAT) in old animals, the age-dependent decrease of b-adrenergic receptor density in rat adipocytes may lead to the increase of leptin gene expression and to the increase of WAT leptin concentration. High concentration of leptin in adipose tissue decreases sterol regulatory element binding protein–1 (SREBP-1) gene expression by paracrine and/or autocrine action on adipocyte, which leads to the decrease of SREBP-1c level (mature form). The suppression of SREBP-1c synthesis causes a decrease of lipogenic enzyme’s gene expression which consequently results in lower rate of fatty acid synthesis in WAT. This model does not exclude the indirect, via hypothalamus (by decreasing food consumption), inhibitory action of leptin on WAT lipogenesis. Therefore, it is likely that leptin exerts its inhibitory effect on WAT lipogenesis both directly at the level of adipocytes, and indirectly through hypothalamus by decreasing food intake. The inhibitory effect of high leptin concentration on lipogenesis in WAT of old rats could prevent over-accumulation of triacylglycerols in adipocyte, and by this way could protect against further development of the fat mass.
2
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Short-term calorie restriction and refeeding differently affect lipogenic enzymes in major white adipose tissue depots of young and old rats

84%
Wronska A., Sledzinski T., Goyke E., Lawniczak A., Wierzbicki P., Kmiec Z.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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2014
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tom 65
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nr 1
3

Tissue-specific effect of refeeding after short- and long-term caloric restriction on malic enzyme gene expression in rat tissues

84%
Stelmanska E., Korczynska J., Swierczynski J.
Acta Biochimica Polonica
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2004
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tom 51
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nr 3
Restricting food intake to a level below that consumed voluntarily (85%, 70% and 50% of the ad libitum energy intake for 3 or 30 days) and re-feeding ad libitum for 48 h results in an increase of malic enzyme (ME) gene expression in rat white adipose tissue. The increase of ME gene expression was much more pronounced in rats main­tained on restricted diet for 30 days than for 3 days. The changes in ME gene expres­sion resembled the changes in the content of SREBP-1 in white adipose tissue. A sim­ilar increase of serum insulin concentration was observed in all groups at different degrees of caloric restriction and refed ad libitum for 48 h. Caloric restriction and refeeding caused on increase of ME activity also in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and liver. However, in liver a significant increase of ME activity was found only in rats maintained on the restricted diet for 30 days. No significant changes after caloric re­striction and refeeding were found in heart, skeletal muscle, kidney cortex, and brain. These data indicate that the increase of ME gene expression after caloric re- striction/refeeding occurs only in lipogenic tissues. Thus, one can conclude that calo­ric restriction/refeeding increases the enzymatic capacity for fatty acid biosynthesis.
4

Morphological characteristics of neonatal adipose tissue

67%
Atanassova P., Rancic G., Georgieva E.
Folia Biologica
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2012
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tom 60
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nr 1-2
5
Content available remote

The effects of weight cycling on serum leptin levels and lipogenic enzyme activities in adipose tissue

67%
Kochan Z., Karbowska J., Swierczynski J.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement
|
2006
|
tom 57
|
nr 6
115-127
Weight cycling is one of the widely used weight reduction strategies; however, the adverse effects of this method include regaining significant amounts of weight. The molecular mechanisms underlying weight gain following cycles of dietary deprivation and refeeding are still poorly understood. One of the possibilities is that repeated loss and gain of weight may promote fat deposition in adipose tissue. To test this hypothesis we investigated serum leptin levels and lipogenic enzyme activities in white adipose tissue (WAT) of male Wistar rats during 12 days of ad libitum feeding following multiple cycles of alternating food deprivation and refeeding. Rats subjected to eight cycles of food deprivation and refeeding (MFR group) showed significantly decreased circulating leptin levels when compared with control rats (nearly 50% decrease in leptin levels, P < 0.01). Throughout 12 days of ad libitum feeding, serum leptin levels increased modestly but remained significantly (24%, P < 0.05) lower than control levels. Fatty acid synthase (FAS) and malic enzyme (ME) activities (chosen as representatives of enzymes directly involved in fatty acid synthesis) were found to be considerably higher in WAT of MFR rats refed for 3 days in comparison to control rats, and remained elevated even after 12 days of refeeding. These observations suggest that the elevation of lipogenic enzyme activities induced by multiple cycles of dietary deprivation followed by refeeding persists for several days, markedly increasing the lipogenic capacity of adipose tissue, which, accompanied by a decrease in circulating leptin levels, may promote weight gain.
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