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Soft soils, exhibiting low strength properties in the case of external load, require improvement. Chemical stabilization is easy in preparing and presents very good results in improving mechanical properties. In this paper, results of CBR and unconfi ned compressive strength test are presented for cohesive soil – sandy clay. Stabilization medium was Reymix, which is a cement derivative. Conducted tests defi ne the characteristics of mechanical properties improvement and estimate yield criterion for stabilized soil during the time of stabilization, which is different for non-stabilized soils.
Research was conducted to recognize interrelations between morphology and mechanical properties of starch. Microscopic examination, determination of particle size distribution, as well as direct shear and uniaxial compression testing were performed on five types of starch extracted out of: potato, wheat, corn, tapioca and amaranth. Regarding geometrical features (morphology) of granules, three distinct groups of materials were distinguished. Classification of materials based on the results of mechanical testing was found in a close agreement with classification based on morphology. Potato and wheat starches that had relatively large granules (d(0.5) of 41.5 and 20.2 µm) and bimodal particle size distribution showed stress–strain curves with fluctuations, particularly high in the case of potato starch. Tapioca and corn starches had smaller granules of similar sizes (d(0.5) of 15.6 and 13.8 µm, respectively). The uniaxial compression stress–strain curves of the two materials were also very similar, as well as their angles of internal friction. Granules of amaranth starch with d(0.5) of 3.0 µm were several times smaller than those of corn and tapioca starches (parameter d(0.5) is the size in microns at which 50% of the sample is smaller and 50% is larger). As a result, amaranth starch was characterized by relatively weak compressibility and flowability, the lowest of all the materials tested.
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The undrained shear strength (cu) is considered one of the most basic parameter characterizing soils in engineering practice. The particular importance of cu is in the case of clayey soil. This parameter also is the basis for the classifi cation of soil according to the ISO standard. The undrained shear strength usually is determined from unconfi ned compression test or from triaxial compression test. In the simple way it can be estimated from the fall cone penetrometer test as index parameter. In the presented work the results of unconfi ned compression tests for very stiff, heavily consolidated clay were shown. All analysed clay specimens were taken from the large depth, up to 303 m below terrain level. The tests results: undrained shear strength (cu) and unconfi ned compression strength (qu) were discussed in the relation on in situ consolidation stress, Atterberg’s limits and the indicatory test – fall cone test results.
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