Genetic control of a-amylase activity in rye grain was investigated by QTL mapping/based on DS2 x RXL10 intercross consisting of 99 F₅₋₆ families propagated at one location during four vegetation seasons. A wide range of variation in α-amylase activity and transgression effects were found among families and parental lines. This variation was shown to be determined in 40.1 % by 7 significant (LOD score not less than 2.5) and 2 putative QTLs (2 < LOD < 2.5) distributed on all rye chromosomes except 4R. Two significant QTLs located on 3RL and 5RL chromosome arms were expressed each year. The third significant QTL was detected in three years (1RL). The other four significant QTLs (2RL, 5RS, 6RL, 7RL) were found in one year of study. The number and composition of QTLs were specific for a given year varying from three to six. QTLs were not correlated with isoenzyme polymorphisms at the structural α-Amyl loci. A QTL associated with a region containing the α-Amy3 locus was detected on chromosome 5RL. Both high- and low-activity QTL alleles were found in each parental line, which explains the appearance of transgressive recombinants in the segregating population.
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