Salmonella spp. is one of the most common causes of foodborne diseases. Infections are mainly caused by the consumption of food of animal origin contaminated with Salmonella. To date, over 2,610 serotypes have been recognised, but only several show epidemiological importance. The number of human cases caused by Salmonella 1,4,[5],12:i:- has increased over the last decade, and they have become one of the most frequent serovars in many countries. The paper presents current knowledge on the spread, epidemiology, antimicrobial resistance and pathogenicity of Salmonella 1,4,[5],12:i:-, also known as monophasic Salmonella Typhimurium strains. Special attention was paid to diagnostic issues related to this particular Salmonella variant.
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