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The aim of the study was to trace the ERα immunoreactivity in the hippocampal astrocytes of ovariectomized rabbits with and without the application of 17β-estradiol. The study comprised sexually mature female rabbits that had undergone ovariectomy. The animals were divided into two experimental groups. Group I comprised of the ovariectomized rabbits and group II . the ovariectomized animals treated with 17β -estradiol. The immunocytochemical reaction was conducted with the application of two antibodies against estrogen receptors a. In the ovariectomized rabbits which did not receive 17β -estradiol the astrocytes were characterized by ERα immunoreactivity. Similarly in group II expression of ERα was found in the hippocampus astrocytes following the application of 17β -estradiol. In astrocytes, these receptors are located in the cell body and initial processes and rarely in cell nuclei. The results suggest that astrocytes are the target cells for estrogens, changing their function and modulating hippocampal neuron activity.
Steroid hormones may act through a rapid mechanism that does not require an intracellular steroid receptor and its effects on gene expression. In this study we have analysed this so-called non-genomic effect of testosterone on social anxiety in rats of both sexes using androgen and oestrogen receptor blockers. Male rats were divided into four groups: SHAM-CTRL (a sham operated group treated with oil as vehicle, n=10), SHAM-TST (a sham operated group treated with testosterone at a dose of 1 mg/kg, n=10), GDX-CTRL (a castrated group treated with oil, n=10) and GDX-TST (a castrated group treated with testosterone at a dose of 1 mg/kg, n=10). Female rats were divided into two groups: OVX-CTRL (an ovariectomized group treated with oil, n=10) and OVX-TST (an ovariectomized group treated with testosterone, n=10). The intracellular androgen receptor was blocked with flutamide and both intracellular oestrogen receptors were blocked with tamoxifen (a selective oestrogen receptor modulator). Rats were tested one hour after oil or testosterone administration in the social interaction test. Although the concentration of testosterone was higher in testosterone groups, no significant difference in social interaction was observed between the groups. In summary, in this first study focusing on the non-genomic effects of testosterone on social interaction no rapid effects of testosterone in adult rats were found. Further studies should analyse potential nongenomic effects of testosterone on other forms of social behaviour.
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