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During the period of three successive years, in microplot experiments, the effects of sprouting damage of winter triticale seeds on yield, number of spikes, weight of 1,000 seeds and yield of seeds per spike were investigated. The significance of variability sources was determined on the basis of a test carried out according to the mixed model in which years were the random factor and the degrees of sprouting damage and cultivars were the constant factors The results obtained point to a significant decrease in the number of spikes in plants developed from the most sprouted seeds and, in consequence, to a decrease in yield in unfavourable years.
The aim of the studies was to determine changes in the vigour of seeds of three spring triticale (x Triticosecale Wittm.) cultivars with various sprouting damages occurring during storage. It was found that the changes in vigour indices are mostly affected by sprouting damage and storage time, as well as by the interaction of these factors. The greatest significant reduction in the length of leaves and roots and the decrease in their dry weight, ranging from 25% to 90% as compared to the control, were observed in the most sprouted seeds. Seeds stored for eight months were characterized by the lowest electroconductivity values, which ranged from 117 to 157 μS·cm-1·g-1, and by the greatest respiration intensity. After 20 months of storing an increased, by 50%, outflow of electrolytes and decreased, in proportion to the seed damage degree, respiration intensity were observed. The correlation between seed respiration intensity and exudate electroconductivity, determined at that time, proved to be significant (r = -0.616*).
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