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1

Alternative methods of estimating rural consumers’ daily demand for electrical energy

100%
Trojanowska M.
Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
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2008
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tom 08
2

Short-term forecasting and monitoring of leaf miners (Agromyzidae) and leaf beetles (Oulema spp.) on winter wheat

100%
Walczak F., Roik K.
Journal of Plant Protection Research
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2010
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tom 50
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nr 4
One of common cereal pests in Poland are flies of the Agromyzidae family. The larvae of these flies is the stage which is harmful. Leaf miner larvae feeding on the leaf parenchyma cause characteristic damage (mines). Their widespread occurrence contributes to a reduction in leaf assimilation surface. Leaf miner larvae mostly damage first-flag and second leaves. Their damage has a negative effect on the yield parameters. Locally they cause losses of economic significance. The flight of leaf miner imagines coincides with the development of leaf beetles (Oulema spp.), another dangerous cereal crop pest. The aim of the conducted research was to determine the optimum time for chemical treatment of leaf mining flies and leaf beetles as part of integrated cereal protection. To achieve that aim, field experiments were conducted in the years 2008–2009 at the Research Station for Variety Testing in Słupia Wielka (the county of Środa Wielkopolska) using winter wheat of the Bogatka variety. Values monitored included the dynamics of flight for leaf mining flies along with the speed of leaf beetle development. The accuracy of the suggested dates was measured by the quantity of the yield obtained. Additionally, the species composition of Agromyzidae damaging winter wheat was also analyzed. During the years of the research, the biggest yields were obtained when both pest species were chemically treated during the period when the leaf mining flies were abundant and when the oldest leaf beetle larvae reached the size of about 2 mm (in the year 2008) and about 4 mm (in the year 2009). It was also determined that the species composition of Agromyzidae damaging winter wheat changes between particular years.
3

Studies on leaf beetles [Oulema spp.] development for short-term forecasting - evaluation of effect of temperature and humidity on duration of egg incubation

70%
Walczak F.
Journal of Plant Protection Research
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2005
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tom 45
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nr 3
135-143
Two species of leaf beetles from Chrysomelidae family i.e. the cereal leaf beetle Oulema melanopus (Linnaeus 1758) and the blue leaf beetle Oulema gallaeciana (Heyden 1970) can cause considerable damage to cereal crops. Improvement of short-term forecasting was focused on determination of optimal time of control of these pests that takes place at mass larval hatching. Thus long term studies were carried out to evaluate a correlation between duration of egg incubation, temperature and air humidity. The length of egg incubation was examined at temperatures of 16°C, 20°C and 25°C and air humidity 60% in a growth chamber and under field conditions. Based on linear and curvilinear multinomial regression analyses the influence and significance of such independent variable (x) as: sum of temperatures (sums of mean daily temperatures), mean air humidity, sum of effective temperatures and mean effective temperature versus duration of egg incubation of O. melanopus and O. gallaeciana (dependent variable – y) were evaluated. Analyses of 32 interactions (x, y) showed that only four were insignificant i.e. mean air humidity in the growth chamber at 20°C had no effect on the length of egg incubation of O. melanopus and at 25°C on the length of egg incubation of O. gallaeciana. Also under field conditions sums of effective temperatures showed no effect on duration of egg incubation of both species.
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