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According to the statistical data, there is being observed a definite increase in percentage of children affected by posture defects, particularly scolioses. The aquatic environment facilitates treatment of scolioses, since it provides relief conditions used in order to perform prophylactic, corrective and therapeutic tasks. Hydrokinetic therapy is one of the many rehabilitation methods. It seems, however, that corrective and therapeutic swimming is far too rarely used as an auxiliary measure for treatment of scolioses. This paper presents the concept of treatment of scolioses employing asymmetrical exercises in aquatic environment, the author of which in Poland is Iwanowski. In the study desk research of literature studies was applied along with the analysis of publications, including available study reports, articles, documents and also own video and photographic materials. The author suggests the concept of conservative treatment of scolioses through the application of asymmetrical swimming exercises in aquatic environment. Such procedure is efficient in preventing significant spinal deformations, which may protect against surgical intervention.
Anatomical variations in the musculature of the spine have the potential to cause functional and postural abnormalities, which in turn could lead to chronic myofascial and skeletal pain. We present a unilateral case of a 71-year-old Caucasian female in which the left levator scapulae muscle gave rise to an accessory head that inserted, by way of a flat aponeurotic band, to the ligamentum nuchae, the tendon of the rhomboideus major and the superior aspect of the serratus posterior superior muscle. The innervation was provided by a branch of the dorsal scapular nerve. By exerting unilateral traction on the vertebrae and surrounding musculature, this unusual variation might have resulted in clinical consequences including scoliosis and movement abnormalities of the head and neck as well as myofascial pain syndrome.
The study was carried out on 10 male rabbits, New Zealand pure-bred, 3.5 months old, and weighing 2,000-2,200 g. The animals were divided into two equal groups: group 1 - subjected to short term lateral electrical surface stimulation (ST-LESS) for 2 h daily during 3 months, group 2 - control group without LESS stimulation but with other experimental parameters as in animals of the group 1 (SCOL-2 apparatus and preparation the skin to electrostimulation). Stimulation was performed with a Polish stimulator - SCOL-2, and clinical, macroscopic, and microscopic observations were performed. Similar growth of body mass was observed in the rabbits from both groups during the first two months of the experiment. In month 3 a slightly smaller increase in weight gain was observed in the animals from group 1 than in those from group 2. No morphological lesions were observed in a macroscopic examination. A statistically significant increase in the mean mass of the adrenal glands (0.4253 g +0.0033) of the stimulated rabbits in comparison to those from the group 2 (0.2981 g ±0.0087) was noted. A microscopic examination revealed hypertrophy of zona fascicularis with visible overgrowth of glandular cells in the rabbits from group 1. The results of clinical observations as well as morphological lesions indicate the presence of adaptive stress in rabbits stimulated with ST-LESS.
More and more often specialized literature mentions the contemporarily relevant notion of the application of swimming as one of the therapeutic methods in modern medicine. The thesis reviews specialized literature and analyzes documents in order to demonstrate the significance of aquatic therapy and corrective swimming exercises as a corrective and therapeutic function in the treatment of postural deficits and scoliosis. As this article has a character of a review, its purpose is to attempt a concise synthesis of the knowledge concerning the impact of swimming as a sport on the development of the physiological spinal curvature, as well as to emphasize the significance of aquatic therapy and corrective swimming exercises in counterbalancing gravity and supporting the body weight and to demonstrate their health benefits.
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