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1
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
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Antioxidant and free radical scavenging effect of D-carvone in hypertensive rats. In vivo and in vitro study

100%
Rajeshwari T., Raja B.
International Letters of Natural Sciences
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2015
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tom 08
This study was planned to assess the antioxidant and free radical scavenging effect of D-carvone against L-NAME (Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride) induced hypertension. Hypertension was encouraged in adult male albino rats of the Wistar strain, considering 180–230 g, by oral administration of the L-NAME (40 mg/kg/ body weight/day) in drinking water for 4 weeks. Rats were cured with D-carvone (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg body weight) for four weeks. A significant reduction in the levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants such as vitamin C, vitamin E and reduced glutathione (GSH), in plasma were perceived in L- NAME induced hypertensive rats. Moreover, in vitro free radical scavenging activity of ABTS+ and DPPH• radical scavenging possible of D-carvone was also quantified. Treatment with D-carvone (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg bw) carries back all the above parameters to near usual level, in which 20 mg/kg displayed the highest effect than that of other two doses. Further, D-carvone displays concentration dependent antioxidant potential. These results suggest that D-carvone acts as an antioxidant and free radical scavenging agent against L-NAME induced hypertension.
2

Identification of vertebrate scavengers of small mammal carcasses in a forested landscape

100%
DeVault T. L., Rhodes O.E.,Jr
Acta Theriologica
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2002
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tom 47
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nr 2
We identified vertebrate scavengers of small mammal carcasses at the 780-km2 Savannah River Site during the winter of 2000-2001. Rodent carcasses, differing in size and visual conspicuousness, were placed in upland pine forests and bottomland hard­wood forests during six 2-week periods. Sixty-two of the 96 carcasses (65%) were removed by vertebrates. With the aid of remote photography, we identified 11 species of scavengers removing carcasses. Raccoons Procyon lotor, gray foxes Urocyon cine- reoargenteus, and feral pigs Sus scrofa scavenged most frequently. The mean elapsed time for carcass removal was 5.6 days. The number of carcasses removed by vertebrates did not differ significantly with respect to carcass size, visual conspicuousness, or habitat type; however, air temperature was strongly correlated (positively) with carcass removal. Our study demonstrates that many mammal species are capable of utilizing small carrion items as a food resource, and suggests that scavenging may account for a higher proportion of the diet of some facultative scavengers than is now widely assumed.
3
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Towards understanding vacuolar antioxidant mechanisms

84%
Peshev D., Vergauwen R., Hideg E., Van den Ende W.
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology
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2013
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tom 94
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nr 2
4

Late autumn trophic flexibility of the golden jackal Canis aureus

67%
Lanszki J., Giannatos G., Dolev A., Bino G., Heltai M.
Acta Theriologica
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2010
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tom 55
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nr 4
The feeding habits of the golden jackal Canis aureus (Linnaeus, 1758) were compared using scat analysis in Hungary (temperate climate agricultural area), Greece (Mediterranean marshland), and Israel (Mediterranean agricultural area). Samples (84, 70 and 64 scats, respectively) were collected during late autumn, a period with capital importance to the long term survival of young jackals, during which they become independent. Predation of wild-living prey species was highest in Hungary, consisting primarily of small mammals (biomass estimation: 51.5%, mainly rodents), contrary to Israel and Greece, where scavenging on domestic animals dominated the diet of jackals (74%, mainly poultry and 62.6%, mainly goats, respectively). The highest consumption of wild ungulates (mainly wild boar) was found in Greece (15.7%), and plants in Hungary (39%). Bird consumption was low in all three areas. Reptiles, amphibians and fish occurred only in the diet of jackals in Greece and Israel, whereas invertebrates were eaten more frequently in Hungary. Jackal dietary composition was extremely variable between regions, strongly associated with human presence. These results illustrate the golden jackal as having a very variable diet, resulting from opportunistic feeding habits.
5
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New information on scavenging and selective feeding behaviour of tyrannosaurids

67%
Hone D. W. E., Watabe M.
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
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2010
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tom 55
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nr 4
Feeding traces for carnivorous theropod dinosaurs are typically rare but can provide important evidence of prey choice and mode of feeding. Here we report a humerus of the hadrosaurine Saurolophus which was heavily damaged from feeding attributed to the giant tyrannosaurine Tarbosaurus. The bone shows multiple bites made in three distinctive styles termed “punctures”, “drag marks” and “bite−and−drag marks”. The distribution of these bites suggest that the animal was actively selecting which biting style to use based on which part of the bone was being engaged. The lack of damage to the rest of the otherwise complete and articulated hadrosaur strongly implies that this was a scavenging event, the first reported for a tyrannosaurid, and not feeding at a kill site.
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Around-nest 'cemeteries' of Myrmica schencki Em. [Hymenoptera: Formicidae]: their origin and a possible significance

67%
Czechowski W.
Polish Journal of Ecology
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2008
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tom 56
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nr 2
359-363
Unusual rubbish piles of Myrmica schencki Em. colonies nesting within territories of Formica polyctena Först. are described. The piles tightly surrounded M. schencki nest entrances and consisted mainly of remains of F. polyctena corpses (with a small addition of corpses of other local ant species) previously collected as food by M. schencki foragers in F. polyctena waste disposal zones. This observation shows that, under certain conditions, M. schencki can actually be a specialised myrmecophagous scavenger. The peculiar finding of M. schencki rubbish piles, in connection with other observations of using dead bodies and other remains by ants, suggests that such piles can play some role in interspecific relations in ants. This possibility is considered in the context of the competitive hierarchy of ant species.
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