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To study natal dispersal and recruitment to the breeding population in Bonelli's Eagle, two nestlings were tagged with satellite transmitters in the Iberian Peninsula in 2002. Their monthly ranges and distances were computed and fitted to regression models to describe their general trend. One bird, a female, dispersed and settled rapidly in an area which she explored intensively during four years and which finally became her first breeding site. The natal dispersal distance was 441 km, and the bird cannot therefore be considered philopatric. The other bird, a male, alternated between long travelling episodes and settlement in particular areas, exploring different regions both distant from and close to his natal territory, but no breeding attempt could be confirmed after four years of tracking. The large distances we recorded confirm the potential for gene flow among populations but, in comparison with our results from previous studies, they suggest that Bonelli's Eagles may show high variation in their natal dispersal distances and use different dispersal strategies.
Satellite tracking is an invaluable tool in the study of bird movements. However, the normally small sample size it involves makes it difficult to obtain data spanning the entire range of migratory behaviour found in particular populations. We recently reported that Spanish immature Short-toed Snake Eagles leave their winter quarters in sub- Saharan Africa to occupy summering areas in northern Africa (north of the Sahara), in contrast to previously reported behaviour of a young French eagle which remained during the summer in the sub-Saharan wintering range. A more recent increase in the sample size of tracked young snake eagles further extends our knowledge of the summering behaviour of this species with one immature reaching the European range but occupying four widely-separated areas during the course of the summer. In the short-term, technology progress may provide the normal use of representative samples to increase accuracy in movement ecology studies.
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