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Epidemiology of Salmonella and Salmonellosis

100%

Nwabor O. F., Dickson I. D., Ajibo Q. C.

International Letters of Natural Sciences

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2015

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tom 47

The prevalence of enteritis and its accompanying diarrheal and other health challenges linked to infections with Salmonella has continuously plagued sub Saharan Africa. In Nigeria, typhoid fever is among the major widespread diseases affecting both young and old as a result of many interrelated factors such as inadequate sanitaion, indiscriminate use of antibiotics and fecal contamination of water sources. Morbidity associated with illness due to Salmonella continues to increase with untold fatal consequences, often resulting in death. An accurate figure of cases is difficult to arrive at because only large outbreaks are mostly investigated whereas sporadic cases are under-reported. A vast majority of rural dwellers in Africa often resort to self medication or seek no treatment at all, hence serving as carries of this disease. Non typhoidal cases of salmonellosis account for about 1.3 billion cases with 3 million deaths annually. Given the magnitude of the economic losses incurred by African nations in the battle against salmonella and salmonellosis, this article takes a critical look at the genus Salmonella, its morphology, isolation, physiological and biochemical characteristics, typing methods, methods of detection, virulence factor, epidemiology and methods of spread within the environment.

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Haemophilus somnus oral vaccine in the control of Salmonella infections in poultry

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Wieliczko A., Stefaniak T., Swider A., Lugowski C., Mazurkiewicz M., Molenda J., Nikolajczuk M.

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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2000

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tom 03

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nr 2

The aim of the studies was the use of Haemophilus somnus vaccine in the immunization of chickens to protect them against Salmonella infections by increasing the local cross-immunity of the alimentary tract. Broilers were immunized with a live vaccine administered in drinking water on the 1st and the 14,h day of life. The groups were as follows: H. somnus (24h broth culture, 109 cfu/ml); Salmonella typhimurium (live, attenuated vaccine, 1010 cfu/ml, TAD, Cuxhaven, FRG), and the control. The efficacy of the vaccines applied was assessed upon: bacteriological monitoring of gut and organs for the presence of Salmonella, results of challenge with S. enteritidis on the 10th day, following the second vaccination, and serological monitoring (specific antibodies -IgA, IgG and IgM in bile, serum and intestinal mucus by ELISA test). The results tndftate that the chickens' immunization with H. somnus oral vaccine protect them from infection with the virulent strain of S. enteritidis. On the 18lh day after the challenge no S. enteritidis was found in the cloaca and organs of the chickens immunized with H. somnus and S. typhimurium, whereas in the control group. S. enteritidis was isolated in 20 to 50% of the samples collected from the duodenum, liver and caecum. The serological examination showed that in immunized chickens, after the challenge a rapid, anamnestic response of IgA specific antibodies occurred in all the fluids examined (serum, bile and intestinal mucus). It indicates the protective role of local cross-reacting antibodies, induced by oral H.somnus vaccination.

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Salmonella spp. found in wastes, sewage sludge, compost and their antimicrobial resistance

100%

Hoszowski A., Wasyl D.

Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy

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2001

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tom 45

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nr 2

Salmonella strains were isolated from 24.1 % of wastes, sewage sludge and compost samples. The strains belongcd to serovars widely identified among human, animal, food and animal feeding stuffs isolates and showed high resistance to antimicrobials. Therefore Salmonella contamination of the environment should be controlled to protect human and animal health.

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Prevalence and drug resistance of Salmonella in dogs and cats in Xuzhou, China

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Wei L., Yang C., Shao W., Sun T., Wang J., Zhou Z., Chen C., Zhu A., Pan Z.

Journal of Veterinary Research

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2020

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tom 64

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nr 2

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Epidemiological investigation of Salmonella serovar Mbandaka strains isolated from animals, their feed and food products in Poland during the years 1995-1997

80%

Hoszowski A., Wasyl D., Truszczynski M.

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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1999

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tom 02

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nr 1

An increase in number of Salmonella serovar Mbandaka in animals was observed in Poland in the years 1995 - 1997. Eighty seven Salmonella serovar Mbandaka strains isolated from animal feed, poultry and food products were examined biochemically. Two biotypes were found, but 96.6% oTTfitf strains belonged to inositol-positive biotype I. All strains tested were lysed by phage O-l. Resistance to at least one antimicrobial agent was found in 28.7% of examined Salmonella serovar Mbandaka strains and 88% of them showed multi-resistance. Resistance to tetracycline and streptomycin was found to be the most common. Four out of 87 / strains showed resistance to nalidixic acid. One of them proved to be enrofloxacin-resistant. Most of the Salmonella serovar Mbandaka strains (95.4%) were plasmid free. The occurrence of 4 plasmid profiles was observed in 4 different strains. Two strains carried large single plasmids of about 38.7 MDa and 70.8 MDa. Two others harboured, respectively, 2 and 3 small plasmids of less than 2.0 MDa molecular weight.

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The national programme against Salmonella in breeding flocks of hens [Gallus gallus]

80%

Laudanska M.

Polish Food

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2007

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nr 3-4

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Diagnostyka szczepow Salmonella Choleraesuis i Salmonella Enteritidis wyizolowanych od zwierzat

61%

Karakulska J., Kopron K., Nawrotek P.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Zootechnica

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2008

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tom 07

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nr 1

19-32

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Skutki immunosupresji wywołanej przez mikotoksyny w etiologii wybranych chorób zakaźnych świń

61%

Pejsak Z., Truszczynski M.

Lecznica Dużych Zwierząt. Ogólnopolski Kwartalnik dla Lekarzy Weterynarii

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2015

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tom 10

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nr 1

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Przyczyny i przebieg biegunek

51%

Jackowska N.

Lecznica Dużych Zwierząt. Ogólnopolski Kwartalnik dla Lekarzy Weterynarii

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2015

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tom 10

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nr 1

Ograniczanie wyników

Epidemiology of Salmonella and Salmonellosis

Haemophilus somnus oral vaccine in the control of Salmonella infections in poultry

Salmonella spp. found in wastes, sewage sludge, compost and their antimicrobial resistance

Prevalence and drug resistance of Salmonella in dogs and cats in Xuzhou, China

Epidemiological investigation of Salmonella serovar Mbandaka strains isolated from animals, their feed and food products in Poland during the years 1995-1997

The national programme against Salmonella in breeding flocks of hens [Gallus gallus]

Diagnostyka szczepow Salmonella Choleraesuis i Salmonella Enteritidis wyizolowanych od zwierzat

Skutki immunosupresji wywołanej przez mikotoksyny w etiologii wybranych chorób zakaźnych świń

Przyczyny i przebieg biegunek