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The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of Trichomonas tenax in individuals with periodontal disease and also to check the correlation between the occurrence of protozoan and a kind of periodontal disease, bleeding index and dental plaque index. The study involved 77 individuals aged 22-77 years (47 women and 30 men). Culture revealed flagellate Trichomonas tenax. The incidence of trichomonal infection was 32%. In spite of using two different media no Entamoeha gingivalis was found. There was no significant dependence between the frequency of occurrence of T. tenax and age, sex or smoking. There was a correlation between the occurrence of T. tenax and the amount of dental plaque (correlation index=0.3; p=0.06) and there was also a statistical dependence between the occurrence of T. tenax and a kind of periodontal disease (correlation index=0.3; p=0.02).
Familial infections with Trichomonas tenax (O.F. Müller, 1773), Dobel, 1939. Aim of the study was to research familial occurrence of Trichomonas tenax and relationship between infection with the protozoan and both a state of parodontium and hygiene of oral cavity. The study involved 10 families (22 individuals). Trichomonas tenax was found in 16 patients. Simultaneously izolates of protozoans were examined with the methods of molecular biology. The study showed the dependence of infection with Trichomonas tenax on both bad hygiene of oral cavity and occurrence of pathological lesions in the paradontium.
The objective of the study was the analysis of selected parameters of humoral and cellular immunity in patients with Trichomonas tenax and fungi existing concurrently in the oral cavity ontocenosis. The study included 37 patients (age range 26-70 years, x=54.5±4.l) diagnosed with trichomonosomycosis. Standard methods were used to determine the total level of protein and its individual fractions, leukocytosis and sedimentation rate. Serum levels of immunoglobulins IgA, IgM and IgG, and the level of IgA immunoglobulin in saliva (S-IgA) were determined with the immunodilTussion method using NOR-Partigen and LC-Partigen (Behring) platelets. To define blastic and miotic indices (IB and IM), rosette tests ER, EAR and EACR as well as phytohemagglutinin-induced (PHA) blastic transformation test were employed. In 21.1% of patients, a decrease in total protein level (on the average 6.85±0.23 g/dl), and in 11.1% in globulins of y fraction (18.5±1.18%) was observed, in 40% of cases the leukocytes count was higher (10080±690.7), and in all patients the sedimentation rate was accelerated (77.9±12.2 mm). The level of class A immunoglobulins (368.7±49,0 mg%) was in 29.2% above norm, and of IgG class (1182.8±92.9 mg%) was in 13.6% below norm and in 13.6% above norm. In case of S-IgA (8.15±0.63 mg%), the level was below norm in all patients. Also in all patients a decreased lymphocytes T count (value ER - 37.3±1.04%) and deficiency in their function (indices: IB 22.5±2.98%, IM 2.3±0.84%) could be observed, whereas lymphocytes B count was increased (values EAR - 18.3±0.7%; values EACR -22.1-0.77). These data indicate that in cases of oral trichmonosomycosis there occurs a low level of secretory immunoglobulin class A in saliva and the number of lymphocytes T, deficient in function, is decreased.
Out of 1018 patients calling on parasitologist or stomatologist, 148 (14,5 ± 1%) were found to be infected with Trichomonas tenax. The difficulties with diagnosis of T. tenax were connected fungi infection. Fungi strains isolated from oral cavity of patients infected with T. tenax were differentiated by morphological and biochemical methods.
In patients with parodontium lesions infected and not infected with Trichomonas tenax the follwing indices were analysed: caries index, Russell's index (parodontium diseases), Greene-Vermillions index (oral hygiene). No statistically significant differences were found between infected and non-infected groups as regards caries and oral hygiene. Russell's index showed considerable differences between the groups of subjects.
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