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Changes in magnesium concentrations and load in runoff water from nitrate vulnerable zones

100%
Koc J., Rafalowska M., Skwierawski A.
Journal of Elementology
|
2008
|
tom 13
|
nr 4
559-570
The objective of this study was to investigate magnesium concentrations and load, and to determine their seasonal changes in runoff water from catchments classified as nitrate vulnerable zones. The results indicate that the average concentrations of 12.2 mg Mg⋅dm-3, with fluctuations within the range of 3.3 to 26.2 mg⋅dm-3, and average annual load of 14.3 kg Mg⋅ha-1⋅year-1, with fluctuations within the range of 4.8 to 41.6 kg Mg⋅ha-1⋅year-1, in runoff water from agricultural areas are determined by weather conditions (season), type of drainage system (ditches, drains) and fertilization intensity. In comparison with land drained by a network of drainage ditches, intensive farming in drained areas increases magnesium loss 2.5-fold from 10 kg per hectare of semi-intensively farmed area to 25 kg Mg⋅ha-1 in an intensively farmed area. The highest magnesium loss was reported in the non-growing season, and around 46% of total magnesium load was leached out in the winter. The magnesium loss was minimized during harsh winters and summer draughts (to around 1.2 kg Mg⋅ha-1⋅year-1) due to a seasonal absence of runoffs.
2

Atmospheric precipitation sampling for analysis

84%
Grynkiewicz M., Polkowska Z., Zygmunt B., Namiesnik J.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
2003
|
tom 12
|
nr 2
This paper reviews collectors for atmospheric precipitation (rain, fog, and run-off water). Collection systems of a different degree of automation (from simple designs to highly automated costly collectors) are presented. In many papers on collecting atmospheric precipitation neither sampling procedures nor locations of sampling sites are given, although this information is necessary for producing correct and comparable results of physical and chemical analyses.
3

Levels of pollutants in runoff water from roads with high traffic intensity in the city of Gdansk, Poland

67%
Polkowska Z., Grynkiewicz M., Zabiegala B., Namiesnik J.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
2001
|
tom 10
|
nr 5
Analyses of samples of runoff waters collected from the principal arterial roads in the city of Gdansk at sites characterised by heavy traffic are described in this study. Collection of the samples was carried out over a six month period, during rain events or directly after such events. Concentrations of the following analytes were determined: nitro-, chloro-, and phosphoroorganic pesticides, volatile halogenoorganic compounds, petroleum hydrocarbons, as well as cations (Na+, K+, NH4+, Ca2+) and anions (F-, Cl-, NO2-, NO3-, PO43-, SO42-). Additionally, total parameters such as toxicity and pH were also measured. The results permitted us to correlate the presence and concentration of the individual analytes with the pollution sources and evaluating the influence of the local emission sources on the degree of pollution in the area covered by this study. The analyses performed have confirmed the high pollution level in the runoff waters (from the arterial roads) and a necessity to establish a system of continuous monitoring of the concentration levels of toxic chemical compounds present in these waters. A correlation was also found between the toxicity and concentration levels of the aforementioned groups of analytes.
4

Contamination of runoff waters from roads with high traffic intensity in the urban region of Gdansk, Poland

67%
Polkowska Z., Zabiegala B., Gorecki T., Namiesnik J.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
2005
|
tom 14
|
nr 6
Our paper presents the results of determination of road runoff water pollutants. Samples of runoff waters were collected at six sites with high traffic intensity located along a major transportation route from the city of Reda to the city of Gdańsk, and at one site with low traffic intensity located in Reda. Sampling was carried out over a period of two months in the fall of 2000. Additional samples were collected in March 2001. The analytes determined in the samples included organochlorine, organonitrogen and organophosphorus pesticides, selected volatile organohalogen compounds, petroleum hydrocarbons, as well as selected anions and cations. Total organic carbon (TOC) was also determined. In the petroleum hydrocarbons group, the highest concentrations were recorded for methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE). Heptachlor epoxide and o, p'-DDE (DDT metabolite) were detected most often among the pesticides. Sulphate ions were found in all samples. Very high concentrations of sodium and chloride ions were measured in samples collected directly before the winter season. Overall, the results confirmed that road runoff waters are heavily polluted and their quality should be monitored.
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