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The aim of the study was the comparison of the changes of cross-sections and longitudinal profi le of the Mała river at the distance of 600 m. The paper presents the geometry changes of the river from field measurements made in 2013 in comparison with design assumptions from 1967 which were implemented in 1971. The four (available historical) cross-sections (hm 7+700, 7+800, 7+900, 8+000) and longitudinal profile (hm 7+700÷8+300) of the river were analysed and compared. The large scale of subsidence of the land surface on both banks was observed (even to 0.5 m). Probably it is the effect of peat shrinkage and mineralization processes of organic soils. The bottom of the Mała river was still located at the same altitude in sand deposits in the analysed period 1971–2013. The designed slope of bottom of the Mała river equals 0.7‰ (1967) and present slope (2013) was estimated to be around 1‰. The subsidence of peat layers on both river banks, changes in cross-sections’ parameters (present irregular shapes in comparison with designed trapezoidal cross-sections) caused the reduction of cross-sectional area and water discharge of about 40–50% in comparison with parameters designed in 1967 and made in 1971.
The paper presents the influence of block ramp on system and morphological riverbed. One of twentyfive block ramp structures, located in the Porębianka River and situated in the central part of the cascade, was chosen for testing. In the observed section of the river, high morphological variability of the riverbed was observed in the years 2010–2011, caused by freshets. Additionally, in one period, the morphological changes were also caused by river training work, consisting in repairing block ramps of increased roughness, which were destroyed during the freshets, as well as damaging involvement with the riverbed. Despite the anthropogenic impact on the river channel, the research has shown that the morphology of the riverbed is returning to its natural structures, which are characteristic of the braided rivers. This confirms the thesis that the block ramps of increased roughness cause differentiation in river morphology, and restoration of the braided character of the channel. Therefore, we can conclude that river defends itself against damaging human activity. In addition, the paper describes the beginning of the movement of the debris, for the grain of boulder located in the Porębianka River, in the hydrodynamic conditions persisting during field measurement series. These conditions were based on Shields’ diagram and the graph showing the relationship of threshold shear stress for the given grain diameter of boulders.
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