The paper shows that phenomena requiring an active attitude of managers, including among other things: creating risk management policy, risk identification, risk measurement, taking actions and control, are the subject of risk management. The tasks of a risk manager in the enterprise refer to a professional interpretation of economic correlations, occurring both outside and inside the enterprise. They consist in assessing information about potential risk, possible ways of lowering its effects, unfavourable for the enterprise, and indicating the advantages coming from taking risky actions. The article contains results of own research among 156 Polish building companies in the area of risk factors of building investment projects. According to opinions of Polish building entrepreneurs, Polish enterprise have biggest problems with the scope, schedule, budget and quality requirements of construction projects.