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Investigations were carried out to determine the possible interaction between salinity (60 mmol*dm-3 NaCl) and phytotoxicity of herbicide Titus 25 DF (sulfonylurea herbicide containing active ingredient rimsulfuron). The herbicide was added to the nutrient solution at two concentrations - 1 or 100 nmol*dm-3. After 7 days of cultivation in the nutrient solution determined were the growth parameters and some biochemical compounds (photosynthetic pigments, total protein and free amino compounds content). The combined action of 1 nmol*dm-3 rimsulfuron and salt caused a reduction in plant biomass accumulation, but this reduction was due to the salt itself. In the presence of 100 nmol*dm-3 rimsulfuron, growth inhibition of maize roots was very high and salinity did not modify herbicide toxicity. However, reduction in maize shoots growth equalled the sum of the reductions caused by each particular factor applied separately (additive effect). The reduction in shoot fresh weight reached 64%. The investigated stress factors induced a significant increase in amino compounds, with the exception of maize roots grown under NaCl plus 100 nmol-dm-3 rimsulfuron. The concentration of total protein in maize roots diminished under NaCl and 100 nmol*dm-3 rimsulfuron, although in the other cases, it did not change distinctly in comparison to the control. All factors, with the exception of NaCl, induced a slight increase in protein contents in maize leaves. Stress factors did not change significantly the total chlorophyll concentration, however, carotenoid content was markedly reduced. Nevertheless, the combined action of 100 nmol*dm-3 rimsulfuron and NaCl caused a 10% increase in carotenoid content as compared to the control plants. In conclusion, salinity did not change the toxicity of the herbicide applied in low dose (1 nmol*dm-3), but it did increase herbicide toxicity at high concentration (100 nmol*dm-3) regarding the maize shoots.
In the years 2007–2009 field experiments with maize were carried out under reduced tillage. Brown soils were boron deficient and medium affluent in available zinc. The mixture of mezotrione and rimsulfuron was applied in experiments with split dose method (½ dose at 3 leaf stage and ½ dose at 8 leaf stage) in conjunction with micronutrient fertilizers in the form of chelate boron and zinc compounds (Insol B and Insol Zn). The possibility of joint application of mezotrione and rimsulfuron mixture with Insol B and Insol Zn was stated. The high efficiency of the mixture in reducing the mono and dicotyledonous weed species was also proved. This allowed obtaining high maize grain yields, containing more boron and zinc as well as more high quality protein and starch in comparison with both variants – untreated with herbicides and untreated with the micronutrients.
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