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Solcoseryl, a deproteinized extract of calf blood, protects the gastric mucosa against various topical irritants and enhances the healing of chronic gastric ulcerations but the mechanisms of these effects have been little studied. This study was designed to elucidate the active principle in Solcoseryl and to determine the role of prostaglandisn (PG) and polyamines in the antiulcer properties of this agent. Using both, the radioimmunoassay and radioreceptor assay, EGF-like material was detected in Solcoseryl preparation. Solcoseryl given s. c. prevented the formation of stress-indused gastric lesions and this was accompanied by an increase in the generation of PGE2 in the gastric mucosa. Similar effects were obtained with EGF. Pre treatment with indomethacin, to suppress mucosal generation of prostaglandins (PG), greatly augmented stress- induced gastric ulcerations and antagonized the protection exerted by both Solcoseryl and EGF. Solcoseryl, like EGF, enhanced the healing of chronic gastroduodenal ulcerations. This effect was abolished by the pretreatment with difluoro- methylomithine, an inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylas, the key enzyme in the biosynthesis of polyamines. The healing effects of Solcoseryl and EGF was also reduced by prednisolone which decreased the angiogenesis in the granulation tissue in the ulcer area. These results indicate that Solcoseryl 1. contains EGF-like material, 2. displays the protective and ulcer healing effects similar to those of EGF and involving both PG and polyamines and 3. acts via similar mechanism as does EGF.
The present study was conducted to immunolocalize 3b-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD), an enzyme metabolizing pregnenolone to progesterone in the choroid plexus of the lateral ventricle in sheep, as well as to measure progesterone concentration in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma using radioimmunoassay (RIA). Akkaraman breed rams (n = 16) and ewes (n = 16) were utilized in the study. 3β-HSD was immunolocalized in choroid epithelial cells of the choroid plexus with an apparent cytoplasmic immunoreactivity. Progesterone was detected in CSF with no significant differences between the ewes (0.76 ± 0.14 ng/mL) and rams (0.74 ± 0.13 ng/mL) (p > 0.05). However, the plasma progesterone concentration in the ewes (0.27 ± 0.04 ng/mL) was significantly higher than that of the rams (0.11 ± 0.02 ng/mL) (p < 0.001). Consequently, CSF in sheep contains progesterone in significant levels. As evidenced by 3β-HSD immunoreactivity, choroid epithelial cells may be a site of progesterone synthesis in sheep.
The objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of zearalenone (ZEA) on the production and secretion of some steroid sex hormones by granulosa cells in monoculture and granulosa cells with theca interna cells in coculture. Follicular cells were obtained from ovarian follicles of pre-pubertal gilts. They were exposed to 0.2% DMSO and ZEA (at a concentration of 0.4, 4, 40, and 400 ng/mL), for 48 h. The concentration of progesterone, testosterone, and oestradiol-17ß in the medium was determined by radioimmunoassay. It was found that both stimulating and inhibitory effect of ZEA on basal steroidogenesis in porcine ovarian follicular cells was depended on the type of cultures and concentrations of mycotoxin.
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