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Studies were carried out to elucidate the anti-oxidative effect(s) of putrescine (10 mg/kg b.w./day) in rats treated per os with either sodium nitrite (10 mg/kg b.w./day) or normal saline (control) for 14 days. The putrescine was given to rats for 7 days only (days 7-14) and it was introduced 3-4 hrs after nitrite or saline dosage. Sodium nitrite increased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in rat small intestinal mucosa and liver, and the agent did not have any effect on the total anti-oxidant status (TAS) and lipid peroxidation of rat blood. Nitrite did not also change the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the small intestinal mucosa, liver and blood, as well. Pretreatment of nitrite-treated rats with putrescine decreased TBARS and increased TAS in animals. Putrescine decreased SOD activity in the blood and liver of nitrite- and/or saline-treated rats, however, the agent did not affect the SOD enzyme in the small intestinal mucosa. Results suggest that putrescine dosed to nitrite-treated rats possesses some anti-oxidative properties.
The present paper discusses the effects of α-aminooxyacetic acid (AOA) on contents of polyamines, anthocyanins, photosynthetic pigments and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity in seedlings of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench). AOA clearly decreased light-induced formation of anthocyanins and inhibited PAL activity in buckwheat hypocotyls, although a slight stimulatory effect on anthocyanins content in buckwheat cotyledons was observed. AOA declined the contents of chlorophylls a and b, and total carotenoids in buckwheat cotyledons. The results show that AOA inhibits phenylpropanoids biosynthesis in buckwheat hypocotyls, and suppress photosynthesis in cotyledons. Moreover, the experiments show that AOA enhances the level of free putrescine in hypocotyls and the level of spermidine in buckwheat cotyledons. AOA also diminished the content of putrescine in cotyledons, but did not affect its level in buckwheat hypocotyls. AOA also substantially declined the level of cadaverine in buckwheat cotyledons, and did not affect its content in hypocotyls. Differences in effect of AOA on anthocyanins and polyamines accumulation indicate various physiological roles of the compounds in buckwheat hypocotyls and cotyledons.
The protective effects of spermine (SPM) and putrescine (PUT) against paraquat (PQ), a herbicide in agriculture and oxidative stress inducer, were investigated in the leaves of maize. Maize leaves were pretreated to SPM and PUT at concentrations of 0.2 and 1 mM and treated with PQ afterwards. Pretreatment with 1 mM of SPM and PUT significantly prevented the losses in chlo rophyll and carotenoid levels induced by PQ. Ascorbic acid content in the leaves pretreated with both polyamines was found to be higher than those of the leaves pretreated with water. Also, pretreatment with SPM and PUT was determined to have some effects on the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD). 1 mM of SPM increased SOD activity, but PUT has no significant effect on SOD activity. On the other hand, POD activity was rer corded to increase slightly in response to both concentrations of SPM and 1 mM of PUT. The results showed that such polyamine pretreated plants may become more tolerant to oxidative stress due to increases in the antioxidative enzymes and antioxidants.
This study concerns on the influence of diamines (agmatine, putrescine) and polyamines (spermine, spermidine) upon the growth and the content of chlorophyll a and b, monosaccharides and proteins in the cells of alga Chlorella vulgaris Beijerinck (Chlorophyceae). In the experiments agmatine, putrescine, spermine and spermidine in the range of concentrations 10-6-10-3 M were used. At the concentration 10-3 M and the 1st day of cultivation, they have a toxic effect on growth of the algae. It was found that di- and polyamines used within the range of concentration 10-6-10-4 M stimulate the growth and the contents of analysed biochemical parameters in the cells of C. vulgaris. The most stimulating influence on metabolism of the alga was demonstrated by spermidine and putrescine at concentration of 10-4 M. Agmatine and spermine were characterised by a lower biological activity than spermidine and putrescine demonstrated the most stimulating influence.
Polyamine biosynthesis inhibitors, DL-α-difluromethylornithine (DFMO) and DL-α-difluromethylarginine (DFMA) at concentrations of 1.0 and 3.0 mM greatly inhibited mycelial growth of Phyllosticta antirrhini on Czapek Dox Agar (CDA). Putrescine at the concentration of 1.0 mM completely reversed the inhibitory effect of DFMO but only partially that of DFMA. Both polyamine biosynthesis inhibitors at concentrations 1.0 and 3.0 mM applied preventively and curatively strongly inhibited the development of the pathogen on snapdragon leaves.
W artykule przedstawiono badania, których celem było opracowanie optymalnych warunków oznaczania amin biogennych w piwach z wykorzystaniem wysokosprawnej chromatografii cieczowej HPLC w układzie detekcji UV oraz sprawdzenie efektywności oczyszczania ich dansylowych pochodnych na kolumnach rozdzielczych Octadecyl C18. Najlepszy rozdział amin biogennych na kolumnie chromatograficznej z wypełnieniem typu odwróconych faz uzyskano przy zastosowaniu gradientu 100% metanolu w 0,005 M buforze octanowym o pH=4,3 i przepływie 1 cm3 /min. W układzie tym błąd metody nie przekraczał 5%, a odzysk amin biogennych mieścił się w granicach od 81 do 104%. W analizowanych 17 polskich piwach pobranych z obrotu handlowego nie stwierdzono znaczących ilości amin biogennych, a ich sumaryczna zawartość nie przekraczała 20 mg/l. Dominujący udział w ogólnej puli amin biogennych stanowiły poliaminy oraz putrescyna. Nie stwierdzono również istotnych różnic w zawartości amin biogennych w obrębie czterech badanych grup: piw jasnych pełnych, piw jasnych mocnych, porterów oraz piw bezalkoholowych.
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