In her article, the author presents the results of surveys on the causes of unemployment in Poland and the possibilities of reduction thereof in the opinion of representatives of the District Labour Offices and the District Employement Councils as well as employers. The surveys were carried out in the mid-2007 for the purposes of a research project fulfilled within the framework of the Sectoral Operational Programme, Human Resources Development, Activity 1.1, and financed on the means of the European Social Fund. The project entitled Regional Differentiation of the Use of Labour Market Tools and Reduction of Unemployment was carried out by the Institute for Market, Consumption and Business Cycles Research and the „Knowledge" Association for Socioeconomic Development.