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This article gives an overview the impact hydroelectric power facilities on ichthyofauna and river ecosystems. Issues addressed include the destruction of fish by grates and turbines; disturbances in the hydrological regime of rivers; changes in the water physicochemical regime resulting from damming; the muddying of spawning and feeding grounds. Suggestions are made for counteracting these disadvantageous transformations. This is achieved by equipping hydroelectric facilities with appropriate safety devices that lead fish away from the facility to a secure place where they can swim safely downstream, and also eliminate sharp fluctuations in water level that can occur below dams. It was determined that none of the existing methods eliminate ichthyofauna losses. It is recommended to combine several protection methods such as grates and electric barriers. Due to the negative impact hydroelectric plants have on the ichthyofauna, it is essential that the energy consumers participate in the costs of fish stocking to compensate for losses.
Elephants were confined to Mengyang Protected Area in China and their distribution range had reduced greatly compared to past records. A preliminary study of habitat selection by Asian elephantsElephas maximus Linnaeus, 1758 and their distribution was conducted in Mengyang Protected Area and its surrounds using site visits and transect surveys from July 2003 to December 2006. Although no variable significantly influenced their habitat selection, elephants still showed preference for altitudes between 900 and 1200 m, gradients <30°, and orientations to the south-east, south and south-west. Human activities, including habitat transformation and degradation, disturbance by large infrastructure and poaching were considered to be the main factors inducing elephant distribution changes.
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