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The modern food retail trade means a concentrated and overstocked market in developed countries as well as in many developing countries. Joining the food chains of the “modern retail trade” often poses a problem for small-sized agricultural producers, which decreases their market opportunities. Trading in short supply chains is an option for producers to reach markets and increase incomes. The object of this exploring study is to use primary interviews to assess the opinions and satisfaction of the producers trading in short supply chains about their sales opportunities. The main question is how short supply chains can perform their given roles as regards both producer positions and in rural development.
The paper examines factors affecting trust among the Hungarian agricultural producers. Our research has focused on the role of two factors on the basis of the widely referred trust model: faith in loyalty and faith in capability. The empirical results clearly confirm the hypothesis of the theoretical model, which states that partners will trust each other if their faith is high both in loyalty and in competence. Our research has also pointed out that the level of trust between partners is determined differently by the two examined factors: it is statistically proved that the impact of faith in loyalty is higher than the other factor. These research results fully correspond to the outcomes of recent research projects in the similar field.
The paper examines the impact of trust in an agricultural marketing cooperative. The aim is to explore how the trust among members and between members and management affect the commitment of members towards the cooperative (group cohesion) and their satisfaction with the cooperative. Trust is examined from two dimensions: cognitive and affective. Our results have clearly proved that trust has a positive impact on group cohesion and satisfaction. According to the experiences, however, the impact of examined dimensions of trust is differentiated: the statistical models regarded the impact of affective dimensions on group cohesion and members’ satisfaction more important than the impact of cognitive dimension.
Return on equity is among the basic ratio of economic benefit for enterprise owners. It must be generated as a fundamental condition for the continuous operation and development of an enterprise, regardless of the type of business. The main purpose of this paper was to identify the strength and direction of impact of selected determinants behind financial profitability of animal feed producers. The analysis was based on a six-factor cause-and-effect model linking the determinants of financial profitability to three areas of business activity: the operating, financial and fiscal area. This study relied on the financial data between the years 2011–2016 of individual financial statements of animal feed producers. Based on the results of multiple regression analysis, no factors could be identified that consistently affect the return on equity in the period considered. However, the following can be concluded to be the main factors affecting the variation in return on equity of animal feed producers: the ratio of cash from operating activities to net sales; the return on capital employed; and the financing structure. As shown by this study, in order to improve profitability ratios and, thus, to provide more value to owners and increase the value of the company, managers of establishments producing animal feed should focus their efforts on improving cash management efficiency and asset turnover as well as managing sources of funding.
The aim of the article was to compare the application of marketing communication tools used by organic food producers in Slovakia and Austria. Additionally, we were interested in the opinions of producers about customers, the differences between organic markets in Slovakia and Austria, and the barriers and opportunities to improve marketing communication in the organic food market. The survey was conducted using a standardized questionnaire developed in the Slovak and German languages by the authors of the article. The study population included 172 registered entities that have acquired the status of organic food producers. The effective rate of return of the questionnaire reached 40%. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the Slovak organic food producers should make greater use of marketing communication tools in their business and develop distribution channels, for example: selling products in vending machines, which are used for this purpose in Austria. In addition, they should engage their clients in the process of organic food production through the use of loyalty programs and PR activities to keep up long-term relationships with them, facilitate consumer access to organic food through participation in various trade fairs, exhibitions, events, festivals, organize excursions during which consumers are able to become acquainted with the history and tradition of the company and its products, and employ targeted promotional activities to educational entities such as schools, and also in business entities and training courses on the use of organic food in the cooking process.
Agriculture is one of the most important sphere in the world. It’s development is a key question for all countries. Ukraine takes significant part on agricultural markets and has a big potential for future development. In last times, Ukraine is growing its export of agricultural products to the EU-countries. On the world food markets its plant and animal products are taking leading positions and are highly competitive. Ukraine made a big step in agricultural development since 1990th. In present times domestic enterprises developing new technologies and increasing volumes of production and processing. The main key points of Ukrainian agriculture development in described in article. Based on data analyses of FAO, World Bank and State Statistical Service of Ukraine, it was defined main points of increasing the competitiveness of Ukrainian agricultural products on the world market and forecasted its future development based on correlation and regression analysis which can help public and private sector to identify the strategies of cooperation with Ukrainian agricultural producers.
The paper examined how the farm management support provided by public extension to mitigate the effects of climate variability influences farmers’ production, and whether this support considers farmers’ capital assets. Both probability and non-probability sampling procedures were used to select districts, municipalities and farmers from 20 villages of Limpopo province, South Africa in January, 2014. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect data from field-level extension agents and smallholder grain farmers. The most common climate variability coping strategy promoted by many agents was climate-smart agriculture practices. This strategy was applied by most users and non-users of extension support. The most popular channel used by agents to communicate information to farmers was farm visits. There were indications that agents did not consider producers’ capital assets in their choice of channels to communicate information to producers. Results further indicate that extension support, including climate variability information, contributed to increased crop yields, albeit small. It is recommended that field trials be done to ensure proper application of climate variability coping measures. More use of mass media and group methods to supplement farm visits is recommended.
In our study, by simulating the model of an apple producing firm, we investigated how the availability of postharvest establishments influences the economic efficiency of production. The results of our analysis highlighted the fact that by possessing cold storage and introducing an extended selling period, a producing enterprise may make higher profits (NPV) of 40 to 50% during the lifetime of the investment than if without such postharvest mechanisms. In the investigated case, however, because of the huge capital requirement at the beginning, the internal rate of return (IRR) was somewhat unfavourable. However, in the case of own, ready and running postharvest establishments, better investment economic efficiency parameters (from 40 – 120 %) may be reached. Thus the capital need for investment is much lower for the producing enterprise, but the price advantage of the extended selling period remains.
The issue of investment decision making has been described extensively in the literature. The article uses classical evaluation methods to assess two investment options for the treatment of brewers' grains as waste (resp. byproducts). As indicated by the results of the analysis, the considered production of brewers' grains for energy is more economically preferable than selling it.
Since 1996 to 2001 the property and payroll taxes were increasing. The revenues from produc­tion and from commercial activities were increasing as well, but this increase was ineffective, carried by increasing material costs. As a result of this trend, the establishing of new added values (gross and net added value), decreased and utilization of new added values from agriculture increased by more than 36%. The tax burden could be moderated by reasonable taxation of property especially land taxes and also by partial help of the state.
Hungarian fresh vegetables and fruit sector underwent three essential restructuralization processes in the last two decades. One of the important components of the process was the change in official regulation, within which change in food quality and safety regulation was decisive. Analysis of the traceability system of Hungarian fresh vegetables and fruit sector was carried out on the basis of the TCE theory. The research was built on three primary researches: interviews with experts in official organization and in retail chains, as well a questionnaire surveys of producers' cooperatives and larger-scale producers.
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