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Variation of the PrP gene was examined in healthy and BSE-affected Slovak cattle. According to previous studies, the 23-bp indel polymorphism is supposed to be associated with higher susceptibility to BSE. We investigated 301 samples from healthy cattle of various Slovak breeds and 24 samples obtained from tissues of BSE-affected cattle in Slovakia. We examined the PrP gene for the 23-bp indel polymorphism in the putative promoter region, 12-bp indel polymorphism in the first intron of the PrP gene, variations in number of octapeptide repeat units, and presence of the silent AAC>AAT transition in codon 192 within the protein-coding region of the PrP gene. Altogether we found 23 different genotypes in the group of healthy cattle and only 6 genotypes in the group of BSE-affected cattle. Comparison of homozygotes for the 23-bp insertion and heterozygotes showed significant differences (P < 0.05) in genotype distribution between the examined groups. Thereby the homozygous insertion genotype at the 23-bp indel polymorphism site in the promoter region of the prion protein gene seems to have a protective effect against BSE.
The aims of the study were to detect the polymorphisms of three microsatellite sites: S11, S15, and S24 in the ovine PRNP and to asses their relationship with prion protein (PrP) genotypes in three sheep breeds. To identify 15 PrP genotypes based on polymorphisms at codons 136, 154, and 171, PCR-RFLP analyses were applied. The microsatellite sites were amplified. For each microsatellite two or three alleles per site in homo- and heterozygotic combinations were observed. In the group of scrapie resistant sheep (NSP1), the genotype 152/152 bp of the S11 microsatellite, 179/179 bp of S15, and 144/144 bp of S24 occurred with the highest frequencies. The results of Fisher's exact test showed that associations between PrP genotypes and microsatellite alleles and genotypes in the PRNP were statistically significant (P<0,001). In conclusion, the investigated microsatellite sites may be used as additional genetic markers in prion protein gene variability studies in sheep.
The objective of this research was to determine allele and genotype frequencies of the prion protein gene (PRNP) in a flock of sheep and categorise thereof into groups by susceptibility to scrapie. Additionally, a mating simulation was conducted, which aimed at decreasing sheep susceptibility to scrapie. Sheep of Kamieniecka breed from a single flock were investigated. Polymorphism in the PrP gene was identified with the use of the PCR-RFLP method. Four of the five alleles were found - ARR, ARQ, ARU. and VRQ, in nine different combinations - ARR/ARR, ARR/ARQ, ARQ/ARQ, ARR/ARH, ARH/VRQ, ARR/VRQ, ARQ/ARH, ARH/ARH, and ARQ/VRQ. The most frequent allele was the one being the most desired, namely ARR, (63.2%), and the least frequent was VRQ (5.4%). Mating simulation aiming at increasing the frequency of the ARR allele in the examined sheep group demonstrated that in the F₆ generation it is possible to obtain as many as 97.7% of homozygotic animals having the lowest susceptibility to scrapie.
The prevention of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) in humans and animals has become an important element of safe food production. Part of the studies connected with this problem concentrate on the search for potential markers of the susceptibility or resistance to bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE). The present report presents a characteristic of the bovine prion protein (PRNP) gene polymorphism within the population of european bison and two endemic cattle breeds – Polish Red (PR) and Polish Whitebacked (PWb), the latter two included in a genetic resources conservation programme.European bison appeared monomorphic as regards PRNP what was reflected by the presence of only one genotype – PRNP 6/6. In the northern (lowland) subpopulation of PR the frequency of PRNP 6/6 and PRNP 6/5 genotypes was 0.926 and 0.074, respectively. In the PR southern (sub-montaneous) subpopulation the share of PRNP 6/5 and PRNP 5/5 was 0.214 and 0.049. In the PWb cattle the frequency of PRNP 6/6 was 0.628, that of PRNP 6/5 – 0.321, and of PRNP 5/5 – 0.051.
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