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Identification and formation of alliterations vs. the pre-school period and the model of reading education implemented in a nursery school

100%

Jaszczyszyn E.

Rozprawy Naukowe. Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Naukowa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej

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2009

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tom 03

Child-friendly educational procedures consisting in the supporting a child in the mastering of the reading are implemented in two ways: a) an intermediate way (by “developing the readiness), and b) in an immediate way - by learning to read. Both types of actions should merge. Amongst factors determining success in the learning to read and write, P. Bryant and U. Goswami - authors of the casual theory of reading, indicate early-child-hood phonological skills, including: identification and formation of rhymes and alliterations (i.e. the capability to differentiate larger elements than a single sound, but smaller than syllables (rhymes and alliterations)). Child’s susceptibility to, among other things, alliterations results in advances in reading and writing in the subsequent education. A significant part of the reported study was devoted to models of reading education applied in the case of the six-year-olds examined. Ideas on how to “introduce children into the world of writing” are basically realized acc. to two models - a standard and a holistic one (see: Górniewicz, 1989; Arciszewska, 2002; Marzano, Paynter, 2004). In both models, children are provided conditions for developing their “readiness for reading” and “mastering the skill of reading”. The models differ in terms of organization and applied methods of the learning to read (Czerwińska, Narożnik, 1997; Doman, Doman, 1992; Majchrzak, 1995, 2007; Rocławski, 1998; Arciszewska, 2002). Both models involve the acquisition of prosodic elements of language (with various intensity). The presented fragment of a research was aimed at providing an answer to a question on the level of capabilities to identify and form alliterations displayed by the surveyed six-year-old children. In analyses, consideration was given to the number of years the children have been attending to a nursery school and the model of reading education realized therein.

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Selection in swimming training - theoretical study

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Eider P.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2014

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tom 05

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nr 1

The aim of this research study is to summarize the notion of preference and selection, which are considered to be the key element of sports training, whatever the discipline. This review provides a theoretical study on the subject. The introduction section deals with the abovementioned terminology, whereas the main paragraph predominantly discusses the process of preference and selection in swimming. Pre-school period (6–7 years of age) is the most significant for swimming selection. Such selection should be led by adequately qualified trainers with long-standing experience in professional training of young swimmers. Young swimming candidates should be characterized by higher-level motor skills, which in turn affect the time/efficiency of acquiring new swimming techniques and sport level. In selection process, it is advised/important to utilize tests which predominantly determine the level of specific motor skills such as: speed, strength, agility, motor coordination, suppleness, and so-called ‘water feeling’. The above mentioned motor skills play an important role in sport training and sport performance. During selection process, sports team trainers should pay special attention to child’s body posture and its length parameters, specifically body’s height, length of upper and lower extremities, length of hands and feet, width parameters of the shoulders and chest. First Grade school swimming classes enrollment is also a crucial factor in identifying sport talents. The selection process should be transparent, have clear health, somatic, as well as motoric requirements, which then affect the pace and effectiveness of acquiring swimming skills and sport level.

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Nutritional preferences among children at pre-school age

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Szczepaniak B., Gorecka D., Jedrusek-Golinska A.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Technologia Alimentaria

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2002

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tom 01

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nr 2

Preference degree of selected by 132 pre-school children food products was examined in the study. Preferential series were established for both: the total of the examined, and separately for young girls and boys. Degree was defined by children with usage of 4-point mimic scale and large-scale illustrations with colourful prints representing studied food products. Fast-food type products, sweets, fruits, vegetables, as well as meat and meat products were the mostly preferred groups of food products. High preference degree of meat dishes and particularly poultry, fish, as well as lean sausages was noticed. Among drinks, children drank the most preferably fizzy drinks, especially coca-cola, as well as lemon tea, and milk. Statistically significant influence of sex on preferences of some analysed food products was found. Girls preferred mostly apples, fish, potatoes and fruit juices while homogenized cheese, pears and berries were more often chosen by boys.

Ograniczanie wyników

1 Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Technologia Alimentaria

1 Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

1 Rozprawy Naukowe. Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Naukowa im. Papieża Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej

1 Eider P.

1 Gorecka D.

1 Jaszczyszyn E.

1 Jedrusek-Golinska A.

1 Szczepaniak B.

1 2014

1 2009

1 2002

Identification and formation of alliterations vs. the pre-school period and the model of reading education implemented in a nursery school

Selection in swimming training - theoretical study

Nutritional preferences among children at pre-school age