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In nandu eggs (n = 9) the mean cholesterol content of yolk was 16.41 mg/g. In a sum of 21 fatty AIDS determined, the considerable share – 33.55% – of polyunsaturated acids was found, and especially of linolenic (C18:3) – 4.95% and arachidonic (C20:4) – 7.59%, both considered essential in human nutrition. It is concluded that nandu eggs are of considerable dietetic value.
Culled breeding ostriches weighing 130-160 kg yield about 25 kg fat tissue that could possibly be used for supplementing human and animal diet. Cholesterol content of breast fat – 80 mg/100 g tissue – from the breeding ostrich females (n = 6) culled and slaughtered at the age of five years appeared similar to that reported of beef and lamb adipose tissue. In a sum of 17 fatty acids (FA) determined, the mono- and polyunsaturated FA accounted for 37.51 and 38.84%, respectively. The ratio polyunsaturated/saturated FA in breast fat of culled breeding ostrich females appeared higher than reported for other avian species.It is concluded that fat from culled breeding ostriches can be used as an additive to human or animal diet, thus allowing the farmer to gain more from ostrich production. Further research is needed on composition and properties of adipose tissue of ostriches, including slaughter, as well as breeding birds culled at different ages.
Ambient temperature and relative humidity are two crucial climatic factors that heavily influence poultry production and management. Knowledge of the period during which the environmental conditions remains detrimental is crucial for successful and economic poultry production and resource management. The objective of the study is to identify and comparatively assess the most crucial months/periods during which the climatic condition hinder normal performance of dual purpose Vanaraja poultry in topographically and agro-climatically distinct locations. The average monthly temperatures and humidity of each location were compared with established critical limits of ambient temperature and relative humidity that influence poultry for the location. Results reveal that there are wide inter-location variations in sensitive period during the year and affect the performance of the introduced poultry with varied intensity. Also the cultural & management practices should be location-specific with incorporation of need-based seasonal modification leading to optimum resource use. With critical periods in mind farmers can adopt/frame appropriate and well-timed management practices to alleviate impact of adverse environmental conditions.
On July 4, 2002 at a Polish ostrich farm, Ożarów, a case of ostrich (Struthio camelus) twins developing from a double-yolked egg was reported. On the day of laying the weight of egg was 2221 g, whereas its shape index was 73.7, resembling the chicken egg. On day 43 of incubation the egg was opened.Each embryo was fully formed with complete feathers. Both embryos died in the last stage of incubation,on day 33 or 34. The embryos were lying with their ventral surfaces opposed with the yolk sacs positioned between them. The embryos weighed 245.2 g (twin 1) and 259.3 g (twin 2). This case report is unique and it is hoped that it will provide a valuable contribution to the current literature on ostrich eggs.
Analysed were 8-week-old males and females of duck paternal strains A44 and A55. The in vivo weights of meat and fat with skin were estimated based on live body weight, breast bone length and breast muscle thickness. Heritability coefficients for meat production traits and genetic and phenotypic correlations between them were calculated. Carcasses were measured and dissected. In breast and leg muscles the pH and water holding capacity as well as water, protein, fat and ash were determined. Simple correlation coefficients were calculated between carcass weight with neck and carcass components, and body measurements. A55 ducks of both sexes showed greater meat and fat weight, but lower meat and higher fat content of carcass compared to A44 ducks. Based on the correlation coefficients between body measurements and body weight and carcass components, it is suggested that in order to increase the meat weight in the carcass, both strains should be selected for body weight, and strain A44 additionally for breast bone length and breast muscle thickness. Chest depth – which is positively and significantly correlated with the weight and content of breast and leg muscles of carcass, and negatively with the weight and content of subcutaneous fat with skin – can be used in selection for increased muscling and decreased carcass fatness. Also breast bone length and shank length, as well as chest and shank circumference can be used in the selection for increased meat weight and decreased fat weight in duck carcass. It is concluded, based on the pH, water holding capacity and chemical analyses of breast and leg muscles, that the culinary value of strain A55 meat is higher than of strain A44.
Successful results of earlier studies on testing the immune-modulating and anti-microbial properties of 1,2,4-triasole derivative as well as benefitial application of natural bio-stimulators in animal's prophylaxis and treatment inspired us to undertake further investigations. The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the prophylaxis effects of two natural immune-modulating agents, garlic (Allium sativum) extract and Echinovit C preparation and synthetic derivative of 1,2,4-triasole on non-specific immunity indices in slaughter turkey-hens. The results obtained suggest that the strongest stimulatory effect is exerted by garlic followed by 1,2,4-triasole derivative and Echinacea juice. Immune-modulating action of the substances applied was manifested by an increase in cellular immune parameters: the percentage of phagocyting cells, NBT-positive granulocytes and lysozyme level.
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