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During the 25 seasons (1974-1998), the breeding success of Collared Doves was determined by tracing the fates of 7882 nests found in Słupsk, Northern Poland. The kind of losses recognized were: complete nesting failures (CNR and partial losses (PL), where only one nestling left the nest. Total breeding losses (TBL), were estimated by comparing the estimated total number of eggs laid (TNEL), with the total number of young fledged. In different years CNF varied from 51.8 to 75.7% (x = 61.1, SD = 5.1, n = 25 seasons, CV = 8%) while PL accounted for between 4.3 and 11.8% (x = 8.2, SD = 1.6, n = 25, CV = 19.5 %) of all eggs laid. TBL amounted to between 60.9 and 80% (x = 69.3, SD = 4.3, n = 25, CV = 6.2 %) of TNEL, and was highest at the beginning (February-April) of the breeding season, and at the end (September-October). The losses suffered during incubation (x = 70.6%, SD = 10.3, n = 25, CV = 15%) were much higher than at the nestling stage (x = 29.4%, SD = 10.3, n = 25, CV = 35%). Rooks and Jackdaws were the main nest predators of the Collared Dove population in Słupsk, while Magpies and domestic cats were less effective predators.
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A total of 70 pigeons from Cracow area was examined and the representation of bird lice (Mallophaga) infesting them estimated. Mostly the populations of two dominant species: Columbicola columbae columbae (L.) and Campanulotes bidentatus compar (Burm.) were assessed. 47% of birds inspected had less than 100 specimens of Mallophaga, although the highest infested one had 900 specimens. Sex and age of pigeons did not influence the number of bird lice present, and only weak health condition of individuals allowed higher infestation. The sex structure of ectoparasites was balanced, with a slightly higher number of females during the year of study. The highest number of bird lice was detected in autunm and the larvae definitely predominated then, as well. Similar tendency was observed in C. c. columbae populations. The course of age dynamie of C. b. compar was somewhat different, having the peak in July, and the imago stage dominated in this species. The populations of in C. c. columbae showed developmental signs, whereas the population structures of C. b. compar gave evidence of their regression.
19 024 girls (aged: from 0 to 18) attending the Pediatrie Gynaecology Outpatient Department and the Center for Treatment of Parasitic and Mycotic Diseases were examined. The diagnosis of infection with T. vaginalis was based on preparations using various methods and cultures on specific media, from vaginal content and urine. It was found that the frequency of T. vaginalis invasions in girls had lessened 2-6 times in different groups from 1960 till 1985 and the higher percent of T. vaginalis in girls over 10 years old had been observed than in younger ones. There exists the statistically significant correlation (P < 0,02) between T. vaginalis invasions in girls and other persons from their environment (families).
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